31) Creatine kinase can be used in the diagnosis of
A) hepatitis.
B) rickets.
C) heart attack.
D) prostatitis.
E) cancer.
32) Most enzymes are deactivated permanently above a temperature of about
A) 25 °C.
B) 37 °F.
C) 40 °C.
D) 45 °F.
E) 50 °C.
33) The surface of a freshly cut apple turns brown because of
A) inhibition of the surface enzymes by nitrogen.
B) interaction of the surface enzymes with oxygen.
C) a change in pH at the surface.
D) an increase in substrate concentration at the cut surface.
E) the presence of vitamin C in the apple.
34) In an enzyme-substrate reaction, when excess substrate is present, increasing the concentration of the enzyme will
A) increase the number of substrate molecules available.
B) inhibit the formation of products.
C) increase the decomposition rate of the enzyme-substrate complex.
D) decrease the turnover rate for the substrate.
E) increase the amount of reaction occurring.
35) Consider an enzymatic reaction in which the initial concentration of substrate is low. If the amount of enzyme is held constant, but the amount of substrate is increased, the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction will
A) increase in an exponential fashion.
B) decrease at first, then increase in a linear fashion.
C) increase at first in a linear fashion, then remain at a constant high rate.
D) stay the same.
E) be inhibited by the higher concentrations of substrate.
36) Urea is converted to ammonia and carbon dioxide by the action of urease. What will be the effect on the rate if the temperature of the reaction is lowered from 37 °C (the optimum temperature) to 27 °C?
O
||urease
NH2 – C- NH2 + H2O ? 2NH3 + CO2
A) There will be no effect.
B) The rate will slow down.
C) The rate will double.
D) The rate will triple.
E) The rate will slow down, then speed up again.
37) A competitive inhibitor is one that
A) binds to the enzyme at a site far from the active site.
B) binds to the active site in place of the substrate.
C) destroys the substrate.
D) binds to the allosteric site on an enzyme.
E) forms a complex with the substrate.
38) An irreversible inhibitor is one that
A) forms hydrogen bonds with the substrate.
B) binds to the enzyme with hydrophobic interactions.
C) reacts covalently with the substrate.
D) binds covalently to the enzyme active site.
E) reacts covalently with a cofactor.
39) A noncompetitive inhibitor has a structure that
A) does not resemble the substrate structure.
B) resembles the active site of the enzyme.
C) can bind to the active site of the enzyme.
D) does not interfere with the enzyme-substrate complex formation.
E) causes a change in the shape of the substrate.
40) Penicillin functions as an antibiotic by
A) poisoning bacteria with toxins.
B) raising the temperature of a bacterium.
C) bonding to metal ions in bacterial electron transport systems.
D) inhibiting the enzymes for cell wall formation in bacteria.
E) acting as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.
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