Question : 21. Just before being attacked by a mugger while jogging through : 1201950

 

 

21. Just before being attacked by a mugger while jogging through Central Park, David had been listening to a saxophone player, watching a mime artist, and smelling the newly mown grass. According to the textbook, which of these stimuli is most likely to become a conditioned stimulus for fear? 
A. Watching the mime artist
B. Smelling the newly mown grass
C. Listening to the saxophone player
D. It depends on where David’s attention was focused

22. Roxanne loved eating at her favorite restaurant, Chili’s. One night, she went to Chili’s with some friends and then went to see the movie Fight Club. Shortly afterward, she became violently ill. After this incident, although Roxanne still enjoys watching Fight Club, she no longer enjoys eating at Chili’s. This is an example of 
A. biopreparedness.
B. the law of effect.
C. vicarious learning.
D. learned immune responses.

23. Jon ate a hamburger that was contaminated with nasty bacteria. While eating the burger, Jon was watching an episode of the television show Small Wonder. Jon soon developed an aversion to hamburgers, but not to the television show, because of 
A. higher order conditioning.
B. stimulus generalization.
C. biopreparedness.
D. reconditioning.

24. Which of the following is true of taste-aversion conditioning? 
A. It almost never occurs in the animal kingdom.
B. It appears to have an adaptive value.
C. It requires very short time intervals between the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli.
D. It occurs most readily when taste is paired with visual stimuli.

25. Taste aversion is an unusual case of classical conditioning because it 
A. requires both an unconditioned stimulus and a conditioned response.
B. always occurs without stimulus generalization.
C. occurs even if there is a large delay between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus.
D. most easily develops in response to visual stimuli.

26. Whenever Marlene sees her mother holding a paddle, she becomes afraid because she knows that she is about to be spanked. Now, suppose that her family moves, and in this new house her mother keeps the paddle in a closet that squeaks. Marlene soon grows afraid of the squeak of the closet door because it predicts the appearance of the paddle, and the paddle predicts a spanking. This example best illustrates 
A. stimulus generalization.
B. reconditioning.
C. higher order conditioning.
D. spontaneous recovery.

27. After repeated pairings of a buzzer and food, a dog is classically conditioned to salivate at the sound of the buzzer. If a light now flashes prior to the sounding of the buzzer (and subsequent delivery of food), the dog may start salivating in response to the light in a process known as 
A. reconditioning.
B. stimulus generalization.
C. higher order conditioning.
D. spontaneous recovery.

28. After Regina was bitten by a dog, she began to associate the sight of a dog with the pain of a dog bite, and this caused her to fear all dogs. In other words, Regina’s phobia has resulted from _____ conditioning. 
A. classical
B. vicarious
C. operant
D. instrumental

29. Systematic desensitization, which is used to treat phobias, is based on which learning paradigm? 
A. Operant conditioning
B. Classical conditioning
C. Social learning
D. Instrumental learning

30. Veronica was deathly afraid of pink highlighters. To overcome her highlighter phobia, Veronica saw a therapist who extinguished her fear of highlighters and conditioned her to learn a new, relaxed response to highlighters. The therapist’s technique is known as 
A. systematic desensitization.
B. instrumental conditioning.
C. reconditioning.
D. operant conditioning.

 

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