Question : 111) The sacrifice ratio a measure of the A) number of : 1384488

 

 

111) The sacrifice ratio is a measure of the

A) number of people unemployed due to disinflation.

B) loss of real GDP associated with inflation.

C) the crowding out of investment due to increases in government purchases.

D) unemployment associated with a recessionary gap.

E) cumulative loss in real GDP due to a disinflation.

112) The sacrifice ratio is calculated by

A) dividing the number unemployed by the labour force.

B) dividing the number employed by the labour force.

C) dividing the cumulative loss of real GDP (as a percentage of potential GDP) due to disinflation by the number of percentage points by which inflation fell.

D) dividing the cumulative loss of potential GDP (as a percentage of actual GDP) due to disinflation by the number of percentage points by which inflation fell.

E) adding the cumulative loss of real GDP (as a percentage of potential GDP) due to disinflation to the number of percentage points by which unemployment exceeds the NAIRU.

113) In general, the sacrifice ratio will be greater, the

A) shorter it takes to revise inflationary expectations downwards.

B) shorter it takes to revise inflationary expectations upwards.

C) longer it takes to revise inflationary expectations upwards.

D) longer it takes to revise inflationary expectations downwards.

E) lower is the rate of unemployment.

114) In general, the sacrifice ratio will be smaller, the

A) shorter it takes to revise inflationary expectations downwards.

B) shorter it takes to revise inflationary expectations upwards.

C) longer it takes to revise inflationary expectations upwards.

D) longer it takes to revise inflationary expectations downwards.

E) sacrifice ratio will be the same always.

115) Suppose the current inflation rate is 4% and the Bank of Canada wants to reduce it to 2%, knowing that the sacrifice ratio is 2. Apparently, the Bank of Canada is prepared to accept a decline of real GDP of ________ as the cost of disinflation.

A) 1% of potential output

B) 0.5% of potential output

C) 2% of potential output

D) 4% of potential output

E) 8% of potential output

116) The sacrifice ratio reflects the cost of ________ as measured by the ________.

A) disinflation; loss in economic activity

B) inflationary expectations; change in the rate of inflation

C) supply shocks; change in the price level

D) validation; change in inflationary expectations

E) the Phillips curve; change in the NAIRU

117) Suppose policymakers are faced with ending a sustained inflation. They must weigh the future benefits of ________ against the immediate costs of ________.

A) lower inflation; administering the policy

B) a higher rate of economic growth; reduced output

C) lower rate of economic growth; lower inflation

D) lower inflation; reduced output and higher unemployment

E) a higher real GDP; lower inflation

118) Consider an economy that is in the process of a disinflation. Suppose that over a 2-year period, the rate of inflation is reduced from 6% to 1%. Over this same time, the cumulative loss in real GDP is $30 billion. Potential GDP is $600 billion. What is the sacrifice ratio?

A) 1

B) 2

C) 3

D) 4

E) 5

119)  Consider an economy that is in the process of a disinflation. If the sacrifice ratio is 3, then

A) unemployment increases by 3% for every 1% reduction in inflation.

B) it costs 3% of GDP to reduce inflation by 1 percentage point.

C) the cumulative loss of output in the economy will reach a total of 3%.

D) the costs of disinflation are 3 times the benefits of disinflation.

E) unemployment increases by 3% during the period of disinflation

120) Consider the process of disinflation. Typical estimates for the sacrifice ratio for many developed economies suggest that reducing inflation by 1 percentage point “costs” the economy between ________% of real GDP.

A) 0 and 1

B) 2 and 4

C) 4 and 6

D) 5 and 10

E) 10 and 12

 

 

 

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