Why is the Epic of Gilgamesh a first in known literary works?
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It is the first to confront the idea of death
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It is the first to show humans challenging gods
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It is the first to celebrate human friendship
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It is the first to present gods as anthropomorphic
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Which statement best describes an epic as a literary form?
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It is always entirely fiction and a very long prose narrative.
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It is a long narrative poem following exalted characters through adventures.
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It is rich in symbols and images of nature.
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It involves a protagonist and an antagonist involved in a series of dramatic chase scenes.
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What was the Mesopotamian ruler’s role in religion?
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To act as intermediary between the gods and humans
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To preside at sacrifices that took place atop the ziggurats
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To mate with a priestess in a yearly ceremony
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To select a particular divinity to be chief in his city-state
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What does Hammurabi’s code tell about the position of Mesopotamian women?
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They were given the same legal rights as men
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They were considered sacred daughters of the goddess Ishtar
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They were inferior to men, on the same level as slaves in some ways
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They were immune from punishments imposed on men
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As noted in the chapter’s “Continuity and Change’ section, what most distinguishes Mesopotamia from Egypt?
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The Mesopotamians were more dependent on their river systems
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The Egyptians had a more limited form of writing
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The Mesopotamians did not build massive architectural structures
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The Egyptians were united by a more stable succession of rulers
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Why would Akhenaten’s change in the religion create change in the visual arts?
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Akhenaten declared artists to be dissidents, so they sought revenge through art
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Artists strove to produce works of Aten only so as to please Akhenaten
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The gods were no longer seen as perfect, so art’s subjects also could be imperfect
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Akhenaten declared art to be created only by priests
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Why were Egyptians buried with Books of Going Forth by Day (Books of the Dead)?
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To enable their ka to recognize their ba
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To help them survive the ritual of judgment
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To provide instructions for resurrection
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To show Osiris proof of their goodness
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Why was Howard Carter’s discovery of Tutankhamun’s tomb so “wonderful?”
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This was the first time anyone had been able to thwart a tomb’s curse
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This was the first tomb discovered that contained an intact mummy
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This still contained gold and other artifacts because it was the only royal tomb in Egypt not to have been looted
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This was the first time a tomb’s resident was known by name
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Why during the 8th century BCE were the Kushites able to control Egypt?
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The Egyptians needed stronger leadership to thwart an Assyrian invasion
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The Egyptian pharaohs had become weakened due to inbreeding
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The Kushites invaded Egypt, killed the pharaoh, and seized control
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The Kushites controlled most of Egypt’s debt from building programs
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Why did the Egyptians go to such lengths to preserve the dead?
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They believed that the deceased eventually would be resurrected
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They believed that only intact bodies could enter the underworld
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They believed the deceased should imitate Osiris, the prototype mummy
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The believed the deceased’s ka and ba would not recognize a decomposed body
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