Question :
41) Marc starts talking to Wynoma about the field trip : 1184219
41) Marc starts talking to Wynoma about the field trip to the zoo, which reminds him of the book he read on tigers last week. He concludes by telling Wynoma that the new library is very easy to use. This phenomenon illustrates the concept of
A) construction of the working memory.
B) deactivation of the active memory.
C) reconstruction of the working memory.
D) spread of activation.
42) A student provides an explanation of why water evaporates, but his description leaves out some of the details the teacher provided, while including some new information. Cognitive theorists would attribute this to
A) elaboration.
B) reconstruction.
C) repression.
D) time decay.
43) Claire, a three-year-old, has difficulty remembering her street address. According to research on short-term memory use, what is a likely cause of Claire’s problem?
A) Both limited memory capacity and ineffective strategy use
B) Ineffective strategy use, but not limited memory capacity
C) Limited memory capacity, but not ineffective strategy use
D) Neither limited memory capacity nor effective strategy use
44) Josh’s history teacher wants Josh to learn important events that occurred during the Civil War. What type of knowledge would be most directly involved in this learning?
A) Conditional declarative
B) Domain-specific declarative
C) General declarative
D) Procedural declarative
45) While taking his final exam, Jerry recalled one item of information that caused him to remember another piece of information related to the question. What phenomenon has he just experienced?
A) Distributed recall
B) Massed practice
C) Serial-position effect
D) Spread of activation
46) Forgetting due to the serial-position effect can be reduced through the use of
A) massed practice.
B) part learning.
C) relearning.
D) rote memorization.
47) You are asked to learn the 50 U.S. states, so you divide the country into geographic areas and set about your task. You are more likely to succeed than someone who begins to learn the states at random, because your system
A) capitalizes on the serial-position effect by fragmenting the task.
B) employs cues to organize your transfer from sensory memory.
C) helps you encode the names of states at the time of recall.
D) minimizes proactive interference through the ‘blocking’ effect.
48) An educational application designed to reduce the impact of the serial-position effect is to
A) begin teaching important materials at the beginning of class and deal with administrative tasks later.
B) break down the lesson into small parts that can be handled quite easily.
C) provide a preview of the next period at the end of class rather than a review of what was covered today.
D) start a class with seatwork, teach new information, and end the class with seatwork whenever possible.
49) Based on the serial-position effect, what group of letters of the alphabet should be the most difficult to remember for someone who is first learning the alphabet?
A) ABC
B) MNO
C) XYZ
D) All of the above groups should be of equal difficulty.
50) According to Woolfolk, the basic purpose of mnemonic aids is to
A) increase students’ motivation to learn material requiring rote memorization.
B) make connections between the information to be memorized.
C) rehearse old information in order to implant it in the working memory.
D) set up a system of rewards for remembering items that are not connected.
