Question : Use the following information for Items 22-24. Natasha moving into the : 1200697

Use the following information for Items 22-24.

Natasha is moving into the sixth grade in a middle school, and she is a little uncertain about it. In order to help make the transition, Natasha’s mother drives her to school the first few days. Natasha’s mother drops her off the first day, and Natasha waves to her mother as she walks toward the school. Mrs. Rodriguez greets her at the entrance of the main building, smiles, and shakes her hand. Seeing Mrs. Rodriguez smile reassuringly, Natasha relaxes and feels better.

During the first week, Mrs. Rodriguez greets Natasha each day with the same reassuring manner. Now Natasha jumps out of the car and is happy about running into the school when her mother drops her off. In fact, she says she now wants to ride the bus to school.

Consider this a case of classical conditioning with the conditioned response being Natasha’s happiness when she runs into school, and identify the best description of each of the following:

22.The unconditioned stimulus would be:

a.the elementary school.

b.the middle school.

c.Natasha’s mother’s support.

d.Mrs. Rodriguez’s reassurance.

23.The unconditioned response would be:

a.Natasha’s security in the elementary school.

b.Natasha’s uneasiness in anticipating the middle school.

c.Natasha’s secure feeling with her mother.

d.Natasha’s relaxing and feeling better.

24.The conditioned stimulus would be:

a.the middle school.

b.the elementary school.

c.Mrs. Rodriguez’s reassurance.

d.Natasha’s riding to school with her mother.

25.Ramona was nervous when she had to get up in front of her English class to recite a poem and is now nervous when she has to give a report in world history class. Of the following, the concept that best explains her nervousness in world history is:

a.generalization.

b.discrimination.

c.extinction.

d.satiation.

26.Alan is uncomfortable and nervous running a business meeting, but he is not uncomfortable when working with a small group. Of the following, the concept that best explains why he is not nervous when working with a small group is:

a.discrimination.

b.generalization.

c.anxiety.

d.extinction.

27.Pedro has been very nervous when giving oral reports. However, Mrs. Mishima requires several oral reports in her class. Now Pedro is becoming less and less nervous each time he has to give an oral report. Of the following, the concept that best explains Pedro’s becoming less nervous is:

a.discrimination.

b.negative reinforcement.

c.extinction.

d.generalization.

Operant Conditioning

28.Operant conditioning relies most heavily on the events that:

a.occur most directly before an response.

b.initiate the response.

c.occur simultaneously with the response.

d.occur as a result of the response.

29.Of the following, the person most associated with operant conditioning is:

a.Bandura.

b.Pavlov.

c.Skinner.

d.Freud.

30.The term most closely associated with the idea of stimulus-response-consequence (S1-R-S2) is:

a.vicarious learning.

b.social cognitive theory.

c.classical conditioning.

d.operant conditioning.

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July 1, 2023

61. Which of the following statements regarding intermolecular forces is incorrect?

A)Hydrogen bonding is the strongest of the intermolecular forces.

B)London dispersion forces increase with increasing molecular size.

C)Dipole-dipole forces are present in all atoms and molecules.

D)In order for a pure substance to participate in hydrogen bonding, it must have hydrogen bonded to F, O, or N.

E)Intermolecular forces are much weaker than bonding forces.

62. Which of the following statements regarding intermolecular forces is incorrect?

A)Hydrogen bonding is the strongest of the intermolecular forces for substances of similar molar mass.

B)London dispersion forces are present in all atoms and molecules.

C)Dipole-dipole forces increase with increasing molecular size.

D)Bonding forces are much stronger than intermolecular forces.

E)Hydrogen bonding is the reason for the abnormally high boiling point of water.

63. Which choice correctly lists the intermolecular forces present in CH3NH2?

A)London forces only

B)dipole-dipole forces only

C)London forces, dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonding

D)dipole-dipole forces and hydrogen bonding

E)hydrogen bonding only

64. Which choice correctly lists the intermolecular forces present in CH4?

A)London forces only

B)London forces and dipole-dipole forces

C)London forces, dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonding

D)dipole-dipole forces and hydrogen bonding

E)London forces and hydrogen bonding

65. Which choice correctly lists the intermolecular forces present in CH3Br?

A)London forces only

B)London forces and dipole-dipole forces

C)London forces, dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonding

D)dipole-dipole forces and hydrogen bonding

E)London forces and hydrogen bonding

66. Arrange the following substances in order of increasing boiling point: CH3OH, CH4, CH3CH2OH, HOCH2CH2OH

A)CH3OH < CH4 < CH3CH2OH < HOCH2CH2OH B)CH4 < CH3OH < CH3CH2OH < HOCH2CH2OH C)CH4 < CH3OH < HOCH2CH2OH < CH3CH2OH D)CH3OH < CH4 < HOCH2CH2OH < CH3CH2OH E)HOCH2CH2OH < CH3CH2OH < CH3OH < CH4 67. Arrange the following substances in order of increasing boiling point: N2, H2, NH3, PH3 A)H2 < N2 < PH3 < NH3D)N2 < PH3 < NH3 < H2 B)N2 < H2 < PH3 < NH3E)NH3 < PH3 < N2 < H2 C)H2 < N2 < NH3 < PH3 68. Select the pair of substances which has the one with the higher equilibrium vapor pressure at a given temperature listed first. A)H2O, H2SD)NH3, PH3 B)CH3CH2OH, CH3OHE)Br2, Cl2 C)CH3COCH3, CH3CH2CH2OH 69. Select the pair of substances which has the one with the higher equilibrium vapor pressure at a given temperature listed first. A)H2O, HClD)AsH3, PH3 B)CH3OH, CH4E)Cl2, Br2 C)CH3CH2CH2OH, CH3COCH3 70. Which of the following statements regarding the liquid state is incorrect? A)Liquids are about 1000 times denser than gases. B)Liquids are normally about 90-95% as dense as their corresponding solid. C)The viscosity of a liquid is a measure of its resistance to flow. D)Molecules with high intermolecular forces will have high surface tension. E)Surface tension increases as temperature increases.