21.Which of the following characteristics is not associated with structured professional judgment?
a.It may include both static and dynamic risk factors.
b.A person’s ultimate risk level is determined by specific cut-off scores.
c.It is guided by predetermined list of risk factors.
d.It may be conducted by law enforcement officers.
e.It is supported by Canadian researcher Dr. Christopher Webster.
22.Level of intoxication is an example of a(n) _________________ risk factor, whereas age of onset of antisocial behaviour is an example of a(n) _______________ risk factor.
a.dynamic/clinical
b.static/dynamic
c.historical/dispositional
d.dynamic/static
e.contextual/clinical
23.Which of the following is not true regarding risk factors associated with future violence?
a.Some risk factors are fixed.
b.Some risk factors cannot be undone.
c.Some risk factors may be resistant to change.
d.Some risk factors may vary across time and be subject to intervention.
e.none of the above
24.Gender is an example of a(n) _____________ risk factor, whereas lack of social support is an example of a(n) ________________ risk factor.
a.historical/static
b.clinical/dispositional
c.stable dynamic/acute dynamic
d.dispositional/contextual
e.historical/dispositional
25.The two dispositional risk factors for criminal behaviour that have been researched extensively are:
a.psychosis and impulsiveness
b.psychopathy and impulsiveness
c.neuroticism and psychopathy
d.psychopathy and impulsiveness
e.psychosis and neuroticism
26.Which of the following historical factors has not been identified as a predictor of future criminal behaviour?
a.late onset of criminal behaviour
b.poor institutional adjustment
c.past supervision failure
d.childhood history of maltreatment
e.past violent behaviour
27.Victims of ____________ have an increased likelihood of becoming perpetrators of violent crime.
a.neglect
b.physical abuse
c.sexual abuse
d.both a and b
e.both b and c
28.Which of the following statements is true regarding the connection between clinical risk factors and violence?
a.Forensic psychiatric patients with a history of suicide attempts and self-injurious behaviour are more likely to engage in violence than other patients.
b.Research on the relationship between command hallucinations and violence is inconclusive.
c.A strong correlation has been found between threat/control override symptoms and violence.
d.A relation has been found between substance use and violence.
e.all of the above
29.The symptoms that override a person’s self-control or threaten a person’s safety that increase the likelihood of violence are labelled:
a.command hallucinations
b.threat/control override symptoms
c.clinical/contextual symptoms
d.static/dynamic symptoms
e.none of the above
30.The ____________ is a risk assessment instrument that relies on structured professional judgment and is primarily successful at predicting violent recidivism.
a.VRAG
b.HCR-20
c.SARA
d.STATIC-99
e.PCL-R
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