21. Which theory of emotion proposes that stimuli cause physiological changes in our bodies and emotions result from those physiological changes?
a) Cannon–Bard
b) James–Lange
c) Schachter–Singer
d) cognitive appraisal
22. According to your text, which if the following is important evidence against James–Lange theory?
a) People with severe spinal cord injuries report having emotions.
b) People with severe spinal cord damage report impaired emotional functioning.
c) People with spinal cord damage report experiencing emotions cognitively.
d) People with severe spinal cord injuries usually cease to experience strong emotions.
23. There are at least 20 muscles in your face that are responsible for _______.
a) causing extremes of emotion
b) varying your facial expressions
c) regulating emotions
d) facial feedback hypothesis
24. The facial feedback hypothesis suggests that _______.
a) people respond to the emotions they see expressed by others
b) expressing your emotions is more likely to draw feedback from others
c) the “look” on your face triggers a response from others
d) emotions can be influenced partly by the position of certain facial muscles
25. The facial feedback hypothesis is defined as _______________.
a) the process by which the facial muscles send messages to the brain about the basic emotion being expressed
b) a state of arousal involving facial and bodily changes, brain activation, cognitive appraisals, subjective feelings, and tendencies toward action, all of which are shaped by cultural rules
c) an irrational aspect of our mammalian heritage that no longer has an adaptive function in human behavior
d) a set of social and cultural rules that regulates when, how, and where a person may express (or must suppress) emotions
26. The process by which the facial muscles send messages to the brain about the basic emotion being expressed is called ____________.
a) primary emotional processing
b) internal emotion work
c) facial feedback
d) body language
27. According to the facial feedback hypothesis, when Jose complies with instructions to look angry, it is most likely that ____________.
a) he will be amused to be simulating anger
b) he will be pleased that he does it so well
c) his positive feelings will decrease
d) his reaction will depend on his age
28. Which statement reflects the core idea of the facial feedback hypothesis?
a) Men do not express emotion via the face.
b) Facial features have no connection with emotion.
c) Information from facial muscles intensifies emotional experiences.
d) When one facial expression occurs, we quickly register its opposite on the face.
29. According to the facial feedback hypothesis, when Noah complies with instructions to smile and look happy, it is most likely that __________.
a) he will begin to feel annoyed
b) he will begin to feel angry
c) his positive feelings will increase
d) his reaction will depend on his age
30. Which is an example of facial feedback hypothesis?
a) smiling in order to draw a smile from a friend
b) avoiding eye contact in order to avoid talking to someone
c) making yourself smile, then finding that your mood is more positive
d) trying to make eye contact in order to flirt with someone
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