Question : 21. _____ focuses decision making about stimuli under conditions of uncertainty. A. Parallel : 1246244

21. _____ focuses on decision making about stimuli under conditions of uncertainty. 
A. Parallel processing perspective
B. Trichromatic theory
C. Opponent-process theory
D. Signal detection theory

22. What theory of perception proposes that detection of stimuli depends on a variety of factors including, but not limited to, physical intensity of the stimulus, fatigue of the observer, and expectancy? 
A. Opponent-process theory
B. Multiple perceptual context theory
C. Signal detection theory
D. Weber’s theory

23. Which of the following is true of attention? 
A. Attention is neither selective, nor shiftable.
B. Novel stimuli often fail to attract our attention.
C. Inattentional blindness refers to the failure to detect unexpected events when attention is engaged by a task.
D. Objects that are small, dull-colored, or stationary are more likely to grab our attention than objects that are large, vividly colored, or moving.

24. You arrive at your friend’s apartment for a big party at the end of the semester. When you first arrive, the music is so loud that it almost hurts your ears. After a couple of hours, even though the music is still at the same volume, it no longer bothers you or seems that loud. This change in your sensations describes the process of _____. 
A. auditory adjustment
B. transduction
C. sensory adaptation
D. sensory deprivation

25. Jennifer is a chain smoker. When her friend Irene, a non-smoker, gets in the car with Jennifer she is overwhelmed by the smell of smoke. One day she mentioned this fact to Jennifer who was surprised by the comment. Jennifer claims that when she sniffs her hair and clothing she can’t sense the smoky scent. Jennifer’s inability to detect the smoky scent is an example of _____. 
A. perceptual redundancy
B. sensory adaptation
C. the cocktail party phenomenon
D. closure

26. When Carlos first jumped into the pool, he thought the water was very cold. Although the actual temperature of the pool remained constant, after a few minutes Carlos no longer complained about feeling cold. This change is his reaction to the temperature of the water is an example of _____. 
A. sensory deprivation
B. a perceptual set
C. sensory adaptation
D. top-down processing

27. A predisposition or readiness to perceive something in a particular way is known as _____. 
A. selective attention
B. a perceptual set
C. the cocktail party effect
D. top-down processing

28. The _____ is the colored part of the eye. 
A. lens
B. pupil
C. cornea
D. iris

29. The major purpose of the sclera is to _____. 
A. help maintain the shape of the eye and protect it from injury
B. control the size of the pupil
C. focus light on the retina
D. record what we see and convert it to neural impulses for processing in the brain

30. The iris is the _____. 
A. clear membrane just in front of the cornea through which light first passes
B. colored part of the eye that contains muscles that control the size of the pupil
C. white outer part of the eye that helps to maintain the shape of the eye and to protect it from injury
D. light-sensitive surface at the back of the eye that records what we see and converts it to neural impulses for processing in the brain