Question : Multiple-Choice Questions 1) The main difficulty that occurs when students too : 1184223

Multiple-Choice Questions

1) The main difficulty that occurs when students are too quick to decide what a problem asks is that they may

A) activate an inappropriate schema.

B) become too reflective.

C) experience overgeneralization.

D) rely on heuristics instead of algorithms to solve it.

2) You remember that, when you lost your billfold last semester, campus security found it for you. You lost it again this morning and decided to call campus security. The method used to solve this problem is called a(n)

A) heuristic search.

B) means-ends analysis.

C) pattern matching.

D) schema-driven route.

3) The strategy of solving a crossword puzzle by doing “down” items before “across” items is an example of

A) a heuristic.

B) metacognition.

C) patterning.

D) top-down processing.

4) A procedure that is guaranteed to accomplish a particular goal when correctly implemented is called a(n)

A) algorithm.

B) heuristic.

C) theorem.

D) working-backward strategy.

5) Which one of the following concepts is consistent with the notion of a heuristic?

A) Analogical thinking

B) Domain specific

C) Exhaustive

D) Guaranteed solution

6) Sgt. York couldn’t get a shot at the enemy, who was keeping his head down in a foxhole. “Why, he’s acting just like the turkeys back in Kentucky!” Sgt.York thought and yelled out his best turkey gobble. The enemy stuck up his head to see what the noise was and found a bullet. What cognition process did the sergeant use?

A) Analogical thinking

B) Deductive logic

C) Overlearning

D) The generate-test method

7) Means-ends analysis in problem solving involves

A) beginning at the goal and moving backwards to the unsolved initial problem.

B) distance reduction and dividing a problem into subgoals.

C) limiting the search for solutions having something in common with the problem.

D) using analogical reasoning and heuristics.

8) Hernando looked at the problem and exclaimed: “Aha! This is just like when Ahab was obsessed with the great white whale, Moby Dick!” This comment is the result of

A) analogical thinking.

B) deductive logic.

C) overlearning.

D) the generate-test method.

9) Which one of the following students BEST illustrates the state of functional fixedness?

A) Nathaniel, a student who is using a ruler for drawing lines, fails to realize that he can use its metal edge as a scraper to remove paint from his desk.

B) Kathy, a student who is trying to solve a math problem, explores many different strategies until she finds a reasonable answer.

C) Rebecca, a third-grade teacher, sees the second-grade achievement scores for her new class and begins to form expectancies about individuals’ abilities.

D) Wendell, who is used to making “d” look like “b,” continues to make the same error.

10) Greg ponders over a math problem. He looks, frowns, and several minutes pass as he continues to study and shuffle his papers. All at once, he smiles, picks up his pencil, and writes down the correct answer. The suddenness of Greg’s solution best exemplifies

A) functional fixedness.

B) insight.

C) problem representation.

D) transfer.