Question : 11. Drive-reduction approaches to motivation are: A. theories suggesting that a lack of : 1233726

 

11. 

Drive-reduction approaches to motivation are:

A. 

theories suggesting that a lack of some basic biological need produces a drive to push an organism to satisfy that need.

B. 

theories suggesting that we try to maintain certain levels of stimulation and activity.

C. 

theories suggesting that motivation stems from the desire to obtain valued external goals.

D. 

theories suggesting that motivation is a product of people’s thoughts, expectations, and goal.

12. 

Which approach to motivation is correctly paired with a behavior to which it is especially appropriate?

A. 

Drive-reduction—eating

B. 

Arousal—studying

C. 

Cognitive—riding roller coasters

D. 

Incentive—sleeping

13. 

Motivational tension or arousal that energizes behavior to fulfill a need is termed a(n):

A. 

drive.

B. 

reflex.

C. 

incentive.

D. 

instinct.

14. 

Why do drive-reduction approaches fail to offer a complete account of human motivation?

A. 

Homeostasis does not accurately describe the mechanism by which primary drives operate.

B. 

Drive-reduction approaches offer much better explanations of behaviors motivated by secondary drives than of behaviors motivated by primary drives.

C. 

People are sometimes motivated to increase rather than decrease their level of stimulation.

D. 

Drive-reduction approaches are vague about what, or even how many, primary drives exist.

15. 

Dr. LaGrange is skeptical of drive theories of motivation. Which of the following behaviors is he most likely to cite to justify his skepticism?

A. 

Bungee jumping

B. 

Engaging in sexual intercourse

C. 

Eating a quick meal

D. 

Pursuing a stranger with a knife

16. 

To which of the following behaviors is the drive-reduction approach least applicable?

A. 

Sleeping extra hours after having disturbed sleep the previous day

B. 

Drinking a cola on a hot day

C. 

Having a snack

D. 

Studying long hours

17. 

Does the drive-reduction approach offer a comprehensive account of motivation? Which of the following explains it?

A. 

No. The drive-reduction approach explains how primary drives motivate behavior but fails to satisfactorily explain a behavior in which the goal is to increase arousal level.

B. 

No. The drive-reduction approach fails to account for many motives, including physiological ones.

C. 

Yes. The drive-reduction approach offers a satisfactory explanation of not only physiological motives, but also offers a satisfactory explanation for more psychologically oriented ones.

D. 

Yes. The drive-reduction approach has been empirically supported.

18. 

What is homeostasis?

A. 

A theory of need reduction

B. 

The body’s tendency to maintain a steady internal state

C. 

The psychological representation of primary needs

D. 

The diffusion of fluids into a cell

19. 

When blood pH becomes overly acidic, respiration and kidney function change to bring the acidity back to its normal pH level of 7.4. What does this process best exemplify?

A. 

Metabolism

B. 

Acclimatization

C. 

Homeostasis

D. 

An opponent-process system

20. 

The arousal approach to motivation suggests that:

A. 

a lack of some basic biological need produces a drive to push an organism to satisfy that need.

B. 

if levels of stimulation and activity are too low, people will try to increase them by seeking stimulation.

C. 

motivation stems from the desire to obtain valued external goals.

D. 

motivation is a product of people’s thoughts, expectations, and goals.