Question : 21.When it comes to new product success rate, only ____ : 1302642

21.When it comes to new product success rate, only ____ percent of all projects originally undertaken achieved economic success.

a.60

b.30

c.14

d.3

22.All of the following were concluded in the study called Project SAPPHO except:

a.successful innovating companies made more effective use of outside technology and outside advice, even though they did more work in-house.

b.successful innovating companies had a much better understanding of customer needs and paid much more attention to marketing.

c.employees had little say in the way production processes were developed and in decision making.

d.top management support in the successful innovating companies was from people who were more senior and had greater authority.

23.Key components of organization design contributing to successful new product innovation are:

a.specialization, boundary spanning, and horizontal coordination.

b.formalization, hierarchy, and organic structure.

c.specialization, formalization, and standardization.

d.dual-core processes, top management support, and incremental change.

24.It has been found that new products will be more successful if:

a.a company pays more attention to production than to marketing so quality can improve.

b.outside technology is used.

c.most work is done by subcontractors.

d.those without much authority or seniority become product champions.

25.In the horizontal coordination model, the ____ component means that each department involved with new products has excellent linkage with relevant sectors in the external environment.

a.specialization

b.boundary spanning

c.horizontal coordination

d.coordination

26.____ means extending the search for and commercialization of new products beyond the boundaries of the organization and even beyond the boundaries of the industry.

a.Open innovation

b.Organizational innovation

c.Large group intervention

d.Technology tracking

27.Delivering products and services faster than competitors, giving companies a competitive edge is referred to as:

a.competitive advantage.

b.horizontal coordinations.

c.time-based competition.

d.boundary spanning.

28.Organizations can be conceptualized as having two cores: a(n) ____ and a ____.

a.management core; flexible core

b.technical core; management core

c.adaptable core; technical core

d.innovative core; management core

29.The point of the ____ is that many organizations must adopt frequent administrative changes and need to be structured differently from organizations that rely on frequent technical and product changes for competitive advantages.

a.horizontal coordination model

b.switching structure

c.ambidextrous approach

d.dual-core approach

30.Technical innovation is facilitated by a(n) ____ process and a(n) ____ structure, while administrative change best occurs as a result of a(n) ____ process and a(n) ____ structure.

a.top-down; organic; bottom-up; mechanistic

b.bottom-up; organic; top-down;mechanistic

c.strategic; mechanistic; tactical; organic

d.ambidextrous; product; OD intervention; functional