Question : 31.Other factors being equal, compared to someone from Japan, someone : 1231164

31.Other factors being equal, compared to someone from Japan, someone from the U.S. or Canada is more likely to emphasize all but which of the following in making attributions?

A)personality

B)social obligations

C)attitudes

D)motives

E)skill

32.Recent research on the actor-observer effect suggests that

A)the tendency to make this error has a genetic component.

B)males are more likely than females to make this error.

C)with globalization, cross-cultural differences in the effect have disappeared.

D)it may be weaker than originally suspected and limited to certain situations.

E)it is difficult to demonstrate in an experimental setting.

33.When people explain their own behavior by making a situational attribution and the behavior of others by making a dispositional attribution it is called

A)stereotyping.

B)the fundamental attribution error.

C)self-serving bias.

D)self-fulfilling prophecy.

E)the actor-observer effect.

34.Heika and Lucille were both passed over for a promotion at work. Heika is sure that the boss does not like him, but he believes that Lucille was passed over because she is really a poor worker. Her attribution of the cause of the even be explained in terms of

A)the fundamental attribution error.

B)the actor-observer effect.

C)a self-fulfilling prophecy.

D)cognitive dissonance.

E)stereotyping.

35.When people make dispositional attributions for their successes and make situational attributions for their failures, they are demonstrating

A)the fundamental attribution error.

B)the actor-observer effect.

C)a self-serving bias.

D)a self-fulfilling prophecy.

E)the elaboration likelihood model.

36.Mischa believes she did well on her English exam because she is very intelligent but that she failed her chemistry exam because her instructor is not very good. We may explain her beliefs in terms of

A)the fundamental attribution error.

B)reciprocity.

C)self-fulfilling prophecy.

D)the actor-observer effect.

E)self-serving bias.

37.Compared to people from collectivist cultures, people from individualistic cultures are

A)less likely to make the fundamental attribution error.

B)more likely to make situational attributions when explaining the behavior of others.

C)less likely to show a self-serving bias.

D)more likely to show a self-serving bias.

E)more likely to attribute success to luck.

38.Regarding cross-cultural differences in cognitive biases, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A)People from individualistic cultures are more prone to make the fundamental attribution error and less prone to demonstrate a self-serving bias.

B)People from collectivist cultures are more prone to make the fundamental attribution error and less prone to demonstrate a self-serving bias.

C)People from individualistic cultures are less prone to make the fundamental attribution error and more prone to demonstrate a self-serving bias.

D)People from collectivist cultures are less prone to make the fundamental attribution error and more prone to demonstrate a self-serving bias.

E)People from individualistic cultures are more prone to self-serving bias and the fundamental attribution error than are people from collectivist cultures.

39.Junie is from a culture that values self-criticism and humility. Other factors being equal, Junie is ______ than someone from a culture that values the protection of self-esteem.

A)less likely to show a self-serving bias

B)more likely to show the actor-observer effect

C)more likely to make the fundamental attribution error

D)more likely to make dispositional attributions when explaining the behavior of others

E)less likely to recognize the need to work harder in the future

40.A judgment of either liking or disliking something or someone is a(n)

A)attitude.

B)attribution.

C)stereotype.

D)prejudice.

E)bias.