Question : 11. A manager who reduces an employee’s pay if the : 1265475

11. A manager who reduces an employee’s pay if the employee comes to work late and refrains from doing so when the employee is on time has:

a. positively reinforced the employee’s on-time behavior. b. negatively reinforced the employee’s on-time behavior. c. utilized extinction to reduce the undesirable behavior.

d. None of these

12. An employee does not respond to the sarcastic comments of a coworker but compliments him for constructive comments. Which of the following statements is true of this scenario?

a. The colleague is using extinction and negative reinforcement. b. The colleague is using positive and negative consequences.

c. The colleague is using only positive consequences.

d. The colleague is using extinction and positive reinforcement.

13. As a supervisor you decide to use positive reinforcement to increase the probability that desired job performance will be repeated. All of the following are appropriate as positive reinforcement except:

a. salary increase after evaluation.

b. promotion after several outstanding performance reviews. c. releasing employee to go home early but providing full pay.

d. no response or feedback when employee fails to complete task on time.

14. The schedule of reinforcement that produces an uneven response pattern varying from a very slow, unenergetic response immediately following reinforcement to a very fast, vigorous response immediately preceding reinforcement is known as                .

a. fixed ratio

b. variable ratio c. fixed interval

d. variable interval

15. A non-response approach that weakens a behavior is known as      . a. punishment

b. negative reinforcement

c. intermittent reinforcement d. extinction

16. One of your employees periodically fails to clean up his work area at the end of the work shift. Instead of issuing punishment or discipline, you decide to try an extinction approach to the situation. Accordingly, you might:

a. reassign the worker to a less desirable job. b. fire the worker.

c. clean up the employee’s work area yourself.

d. ignore the worker’s undesirable actions for a while.

17. The appropriate consequence for an employee who steals company property is:

a. no discipline. b. termination.

c. intermittent discipline.

d. fixed ratio reinforcement.

18. In the context of schedules of reinforcement, if a random number of responses must be emitted before reinforcement occurs, it is a                schedule.

a. fixed interval b. fixed ratio

c. variable interval d. variable ratio

19. As an outcome for exceptional performance, Jeffery was provided the opportunity to make an important presentation to the board of directors. However, Jeffery was extremely nervous and upset about the presentation. This consequence was viewed by Jeffery as                .

a. a negative consequence b. a positive consequence c. extinction

d. punishment

20. Central to Bandura’s social learning theory is the concept of      . a. self-monitoring

b. classical conditioning

c. task-specific self-efficacy d. continuous reinforcement