Question : 31. Equity exists when A. rewards distributed in proportion to individuals’ contributions.B. partners share : 1198636

31. Equity exists when 
A. rewards are distributed in proportion to individuals’ contributions.
B. partners share equally in the rewards of collective effort.
C. rewards are distributed in relation to individuals’ needs or deservingness.
D. group members decide among themselves how rewards should be distributed.

32. Before they married, Melinda and Michael, who are both employed full time and collect the same pay, agreed to share equally in routine household tasks such as cleaning and grocery shopping. In reality, Melinda is now doing about 80% of the household work. This situation is an example of 
A. an integrative disaster.
B. an inequitable relationship.
C. a social dilemma.
D. a zero-sum relationship.

33. Rodney and Ralph are twin brothers who each contributed $75 to purchase a new bicycle. Rodney rides it 75% of the time. This would be an example of 
A. an inequitable relationship.
B. the tragedy of the commons.
C. a zero-sum relationship.
D. mirror-image perceptions.

34. Which one of the following is NOT one of the seeds of misperception according to your text? 
A. the self-serving bias
B. reduced competition
C. the fundamental attribution error
D. groupthink

35. What do self-serving biases, group polarization, and negative stereotypes have in common? 
A. They illustrate the power of the situation.
B. They are potential seeds of misperception.
C. They illustrate that we are cognitive misers.
D. They negate conflict.

36. The misperceptions of those who are in conflict with each other, such as two nations who regard each other with suspicion and hostility, are usually 
A. nonreciprocal.
B. unilateral.
C. mutual.
D. inequitable.

37. The reciprocal views that parties in conflict often hold of one another are referred to as 
A. mirror-image perceptions.
B. stereotypic reciprocation.
C. complementary images.
D. reciprocal illusions.

38. The Republic of Fredonia believes its long-time enemy, the kingdom of Franistan, is aggressive, greedy, and impulsive. On the other hand, Franistan believes Fredonia is hostile, selfish, and unpredictable. This is an example of 
A. an inequitable relationship.
B. a zero-sum relationship.
C. mirror-image perceptions.
D. reciprocal illusions.

39. When two sides have clashing perceptions, at least one of them is misperceiving the other, and when that is the case, according to Bronfenbrenner (1960), “It is characteristic of such images that they are _______.” 
A. self-defeating
B. self-confirming
C. self-handicapping
D. self-monitoring

40. John believes that he is hardworking and that his wife Rachel is lazy. Rachel believes that she is hardworking and that John is lazy. This is an example of 
A. an inequitable relationship.
B. mirror-image perception.
C. a superordinate goal.
D. a social trap.

41. In a study by executives who were asked to describe a recent conflict, Thomas and Pondy (1977) found that 12% described the opposing party as _______ and 74% perceived themselves as _______. 
A. cooperative; cooperative
B. intelligent; intelligent
C. cooperative; competitive
D. rational; competent

42. One aspect of mirror-image perception is that one side tends to 
A. exaggerate their differences from their adversaries.
B. see itself reflected in the way others see it.
C. see the situation as the reflection of an evil situation.
D. agree with the other side.