Question : MULTIPLE CHOICE 1.Most psychologists define learning as A)any change in behavior. B)any change : 1231225

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1.Most psychologists define learning as

A)any change in behavior.

B)any change in behavior due to maturation.

C)any change in behavior due to experience.

D)a relatively permanent change in behavior due to natural development.

E)a relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience.

2.Which of the following best describes the nature of learning?

A)Learning is always adaptive. It involves enduring, but not necessarily permanent, changes in behavior.

B)Learning is always adaptive. It involves permanent changes in behavior.

C)Learning is adaptive in most cases. It involves enduring, but not necessarily permanent, changes in behavior.

D)Learning is adaptive in most cases. It involves permanent changes in behavior.

E)Learning is adaptive in most cases. It involves any type of change in behavior.

3.  In psychology, learning is generally defined as

A)any change in behavior that is not a simple reflex.

B)changes in behavior that reflect maturation.

C)any adaptive change in behavior.

D)relatively permanent changes in behavior due to natural development.

E)relatively permanent changes in behavior due to experience.

4.  In psychology, learning is generally defined in terms of

A)any change in behavior resulting from experience.

B)any relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience.

C)any change in behavior resulting from maturation.

D)any permanent change in the organism’s behavior.

E)any relatively permanent change in behavior that helps the organism adjust to its environment.

5.  To psychologists, learning involves

A)any change in behavior that is not a simply reflex.

B)changes in behavior that reflect maturation.

C)any adaptive change in behavior.

D)relatively permanent changes in behavior due to natural development.

E)relatively permanent changes in behavior due to experience.

6.Who is most closely associated with classical conditioning?

A)E.L. Thorndike

B)Ivan Pavlov

C)John Garcia

D)B.F. Skinner

E)Robert Rescorla

7.Ivan Pavlov’s initial research work was in the study of

A)learning by association with rabbits.

B)latent learning with rats.

C)observational learning with children.

D)digestive processes in dogs.

E)conditioning of pigeons.

8.Marcel sat at a cafe eating the best croissant he had ever tasted. He begins frequenting the café to order the croissants. He hardly notices the jingling of the cash register just before the clerk hands him the croissant. Now every time he hears the same kind of jingling from another cash register, his mouth waters. Marcel’s learning is an example of

A)operant conditioning.

B)latent learning.

C)conditioned taste aversion.

D)classical conditioning.

E)observational learning.

9.Learning in which a previously neutral stimulus becomes capable of triggering a reflexive response is called

A)operant conditioning.

B)classical conditioning.

C)instrumental conditioning.

D)stimulus-response learning.

E)spontaneous recovery.

10.Classical conditioning is best described as learning by

A)trial-and-error.

B)association.

C)stimulus-response.

D)insight.

E)observation.