Question : 31) Fred has wanted to be a chef since he : 1184086

31) Fred has wanted to be a chef since he was a little kid, and he used to bake cookies with his mother. The behavioral view expert would say that Fred is motivated to be a chef because

A) he has a positive cooking self-concept.

B) he places great value on his cooking ability.

C) of his early childhood reinforcement history.

D) of his need for self-actualization.

32) Individuals are naturally motivated to learn by

A) anxiety.

B) feedback and goal acceptance.

C) performance goals.

D) seductive details.

33) Which one of the following quotes exemplifies a learning or mastery goal?

A) “Accomplishing this should make me better prepared for Biology 101.”

B) “If I master this material, I can have some free time.”

C) “I’m going to go for the third assignment option, so that I can receive an A.”

D) “Jason will be impressed if I can learn this laboratory procedure.”

34) As reported by Woolfolk, the debilitating effects of anxiety are viewed to be due to

A) attention being diverted from the learning task to a preoccupation with one’s feelings.

B) conditioning in which negative reinforcement obtained from withdrawing from tasks strengthens the anxiety syndrome.

C) physiological arousal that limits bodily functioning to avoid the anxiety-producing situation.

D) social effects such as embarrassment for appearing ill at ease or for being too boisterous.

35) From the pioneering work of Yerkes and Dodson (1905) to present-day research results, what is the correlation between virtually every aspect of achievement and a wide variety of anxiety measures?

A) Moderately positive

B) Negative

C) Positive

D) Zero

36) An entity view of ability is consistent with what type of goals?

A) Extrinsic

B) Intrinsic

C) Performance

D) Work-avoidance

37) Whenever Matt appears to be having difficulty in completing his science laboratory work, Ms. Butterfield quickly offers to help him and encourages him to continue working. According to Graham (1991), Ms. Butterfield’s behavior is likely to result in Matt developing

A) an enhanced sense of self-efficacy.

B) an incremental view of his ability.

C) doubts about his ability.

D) external-unstable attributions.

38) Which one of the following notions is consistent with the idea that “practice makes perfect”?

A) Entity view of ability

B) External locus of control

C) Incremental view of ability

D) Performance goals

39) Which one of the following statements is the most accurate definition of motivation?

A) An inner state that arouses, directs, and maintains a person’s behavior

B) An inner state that causes a person to initiate an action

C) The level of involvement a person has in a chosen activity

D) The degree of persistence a person has toward completing an activity

40) Cognitive evaluation theory explains how praise, criticism, grade assignments, and other events can influence students’ intrinsic motivation by affecting their sense of competence and

A) curiosity.

B) self-control.

C) self-determination.

D) task orientation.