91.All but which of the following are suggestions in the text for successfully quitting smoking?
A)practice competing responses when tempted to smoke
B)mentally rehearse the benefits of not smoking
C)increase exposure to nonsmoking environments
D)limit the availability of cigarettes
E)set a date and try to quit all at once
92. As cited in the text, which of the following behavioral patterns doubles the risk of heart disease?
A) sedentary lifestyle
B)diet
C)Type A behavior pattern
D)overwork
E)job stress
93.All but which of the following behavioral factors is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease?
A)regular exercise
B)avoiding smoking
C)following a healthier diet
D)maintaining a healthy weight
E)becoming more extraverted
94.Which component of the Type A behavior pattern best explains the connections between the Type A profile and heart disease?
A)competitiveness.
B)impatience.
C)corticosteroids.
D)hostility.
E)overactivity.
95.The actions of which stress hormone help explain increased stickiness of blood clotting factors which, in turn, heightens the risk of heart attack and stroke?
A)melatonin
B)serotonin
C)epinephrine
D)norepinephrine
E)estrogen
96.Scientists suspect that persistent emotional arousal may damage the cardiovascular system due to the production of the stress hormones
A)epinephrine and norepinephrine.
B)norepinephrine and insulin.
C)insulin and corticosteroids.
D)corticosteroids and epinephrine.
E)norepinephrine and corticosteroids.
97. As discussed in the text, hostility is linked to increased risk of coronary heart disease because _____.
A) hostile people are frequently angry, and chronic anger increases the risk of hypertension and coronary heart disease
B) hostile people frequently vent their anger and frustration, and yelling or arguing with others increases blood pressure and the stress placed on the circulatory system
C) hostile people sometimes bottle their emotions and stifle emotional expressions, thereby causing an increase in heart rate and blood pressure
D) hostile people frequently over-exert themselves in an effort to come out on top or to prove that their ideas and efforts are superior to those of others
E) hostile people frequently misuse over-the-counter medications and, sometimes, illicit drugs.
98.All but which of the following emotional difficulties are thought to have damaging effects on the cardiovascular system?
A)having borderline personality disorder
B)experiencing chronic stress
C)having depression
D)being easily angered
E)being easily anxious
99.Regarding cancer, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)Each year more than one million Americans are diagnosed with cancer.
B)Cancer develops when cells lose their ability to correctly regulate growth.
C)Cancerous tumors can form in any body tissue or organ.
D)Cancer is caused by hereditary factors as well as environmental factors.
E)Scientists have clearly established that stress plays a role in the development of cancer.
100.Which of the following factor(s) lead to two of every three cancer deaths in the United States?
A)heredity
B)exposure to chemicals and viruses
C)radiation
D)smoking and diet
E)exposure to the sun
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