71.Which of the following is most likely to reduces the pressure on managers to violate their personal ethics?
A. Making managers work away from their ordinary social context and supporting culture
B. Keeping managers psychologically and geographically close to the parent company
C. Pressurizing managers to meet unrealistic business goals
D. Adopting an organizational culture which emphasizes that all decisions should be purely economic
E. Pressuring managers to shun the concept of noblesse oblige
72.Unipeg Corporation has uniform high sales targets for its employees all across the globe, regardless of the environmental constraints in each market. Employees are penalized for any shortfall. This has caused many employees to falsify the values of their sales. In this context, the roots of unethical behavior can be traced to:
A. unrealistic performance expectations.
B. cultural differences of countries.
C. strong personal ethics among employees.
D. varying ethical standards in different nations.
E. national differences in factors of production.
73.The CEO of Gold Chip Software engages in corruption and uses his power in the company to enrich himself and his family members. Consequently, his employees too engage in the same behavior. In this case, the roots of unethical behavior can be traced to:
A. unrealistic performance expectations.
B. organizational leadership.
C. noblesse oblige and social responsibility.
D. varying ethical standards in different cultures.
E. geographical distance between employees and the parent company.
74.The CEO of United Synergy Inc., a company in its embryonic stage, believes that unethical behavior will result in premature decline of the company. In order to ensure that the company starts operating in the most ethical manner, the CEO should:
A. set unrealistic performance goals for the employees.
B. shun the concept of noblesse oblige.
C. outsource majority of the jobs in his company to a developing nation which has lax business regulations.
D. base decisions solely on business variables such as cost, delivery, and product quality.
E. hire employees with strong personal ethics.
75.Which of the following is detrimental to an ethical business setting?
A. Keeping in mind that each decision has a moral dimension
B. Encouraging leaders to demonstrate strong personal ethics
C. Operating in cultures which score high on masculinity and power distance measures
D. Setting realistic, achievable performance goals for employees
E. Frequently auditing the activities of expatriate managers
76._____ explicitly rejects the idea that businesses should undertake social expenditures beyond those mandated by the law and required for the efficient running of a business.
A. The Friedman doctrine
B. The Sullivan principle
C. Utilitarianism
D. Marxism
E. Kantian ethics
77.Which of the following is a straw man approach to business ethics?
A. The Friedman doctrine
B. Kantian ethics
C. Sullivan's principles
D. Utilitarian philosophy
E. Just distribution
78.According to _____, the only social responsibility of business is to increase profits, so long as the company stays within the rules of law.
A. Milton Friedman
B. Leon Sullivan
C. Karl Marx
D. Immanuel Kant
E. David Hume
79.Which of the following statements is true about the Friedman doctrine?
A. Milton Friedman explicitly rejects the idea that businesses should behave in an ethical manner.
B. According to Friedman, managers should weigh the social benefits and costs of an action before deciding whether to pursue it.
C. The best decisions, from Friedman's perspective, are those that produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people.
D. According to Friedman, managers of a firm should not make decisions about social investments for its stockholders.
E. Friedman’s basic position is that the only social responsibility of business is to increase profits even if that involves breaking the rules of law.
80.Cadmium Technologies Inc. believes that the sole purpose of its existence is to maximize profits for its stockholders. The firm has often been criticized for not engaging in any social investments. However, the firm has been appreciated for abiding by the laws while earning profits. According to this information, which of the following approaches to ethics is most likely being adopted by Cadmium Technologies?
A. Friedman doctrine
B. Utilitarianism
C. Kantian ethics
D. Sullivan's principles
E. Naive immoralist
