Question : 1.3   Economic Models 1) Economic models do all of the following : 1266825

1.3   Economic Models

1) Economic models do all of the following except

A) answer economic questions.

B) portray reality in all its minute details.

C) make economic ideas explicit and concrete for use by decision makers.

D) simplify some aspect of economic life.

2) All of the following are part of an economic model except

A) assumptions.

B) hypotheses.

C) data.

D) opinions.

3) Which of the following statements about positive economic analysis is false?

A) Positive analysis uses an economic model to estimate the costs and benefits of different course of actions.

B) There is much more disagreement among economists over normative economic analysis than over positive economic analysis.

C) There is much more disagreement among economists over positive economic analysis than over normative economic analysis.

D) Unlike normative economic analysis, positive economic analysis can be tested.

4) Which of the following is a positive economic statement?

A) The standard of living in the United States should be higher.

B) If the price of iPhones falls, a larger quantity of iPhones will be purchased.

C) The government should revamp the health care system.

D) The U.S. government should not have bailed out U.S. auto manufacturers.

5) Which of the following is a positive economic statement?

A) People should not buy SUVs.

B) The government should mandate electric automobiles.

C) Scarcity necessitates that people make trade-offs.

D) Foreign workers should not be allowed to work for lower wages than the citizens of a country.

6) Which of the following is a normative economic statement?

A) Rising global demand for coal has led to increases in the price of coal.

B) With rising mortgage rates and rising unemployment rates, the number of unsold homes has increased.

C) The state of Texas is considering increasing funds for light-rail development to promote the use of public transportation.

D) Pharmaceutical manufacturers should not be allowed to patent their products so prescription drugs would be more affordable.

7) Which of the following is a normative economic statement?

A) The price of gasoline is too high.

B) The current high price of gasoline is the result of strong worldwide demand.

C) When the price of gasoline rises, the quantity of gasoline purchased falls.

D) When the price of gasoline rises, transportation costs rise.

8) Which of the following questions or statements regarding medical school is normative?

A) How do changes in expected future incomes affect the decisions of medical students about which specialty to choose?

B) Medical students who enter specialized fields make a larger contribution to society than do student who enter primary care.

C) What role does tuition play in a student’s decision about whether to attend medical school?

D) Have tuition increases had a large effect or a small effect on the number of applications to medical school?

9) The economic analysis of minimum wage involves both normative and positive analysis. Consider the following consequences of a minimum wage:

a.The minimum wage law causes unemployment.

b.A minimum wage law benefits some groups and hurts others.

c.In some cities such as San Francisco and New York, it would be impossible for low-skilled workers to live in the city without minimum wage laws.

d.The gains to winners of a minimum wage law should be valued more highly than the losses to losers because the latter primarily comprises businesses.

Which of the consequences above are positive statements and which are normative statements?

A) a, b, and c are positive statements and d is a normative statement.

B) a and b are positive statements, c and d are normative statement.

C) Only a is a positive statement, b, c and d are normative statements.

D) a and c are positive statements, b and d are normative statements.

10) “An increase in the price of gasoline will increase the demand for hybrid vehicles.” This statement is an example of a positive economic statement.

11) “The distribution of income should be left to the market” is an example of a positive economic statement.

12) Positive analysis is concerned with “what ought to be”, while normative analysis is concerned with “what is.”

13) What is the difference between positive economic analysis and normative economic analysis? Give one example each of a positive and normative economic issue or question or statement.

14) Explain why economics is considered a social science.