Question :
71. Kohlberg asked subjects to respond to moral dilemmas because he : 1198931
71. Kohlberg asked subjects to respond to moral dilemmas because he wanted to
A. determine the prevailing values among different age groups.
B. determine the influence of culture in moral education.
C. understand the reasoning behind people’s solutions to moral dilemmas.
D. demonstrate gender differences in moral reasoning.
72. Kohlberg suggested that the majority of adolescents and adults are at which level of moral reasoning?
A. Preconventional
B. Conventional
C. Postconventional
D. Subconscious
73. Research on Kohlberg’s theory indicates that a person’s stage of moral development
A. correlates positively with socioeconomic status.
B. does not correlate with age.
C. correlates negatively with IQ.
D. does not correlate with education.
74. Carol Gilligan criticized Kohlberg’s theory of moral development on the grounds that
A. it did not accurately represent moral reasoning in non-Western cultures.
B. it proposed too many stages of development.
C. it emphasized cognitive development rather than emotional development.
D. it was oriented toward values more important to men than to women.
75. Gilligan claimed women see morality not so much in terms of _____ as in _____.
A. justice and fairness; responsibility to show caring and avoid harm
B. responsibility to others; justice and fairness
C. maintaining friendships; not getting into trouble
D. the standards of authority figures; universal human rights
76. Which of the following statements is true about prosocial behavior and volunteer activity in adolescence?
A. Students who do volunteer work outside of school tend, as adults, to be less engaged in their communities than those who do not.
B. Boys tend to see themselves as more empathic and prosocial and are more likely to volunteer than girls.
C. Adolescent volunteers tend to have a high degree of self-understanding and commitment to others.
D. Adolescents with low socioeconomic status volunteer more than those with higher socioeconomic status.
77. Which of the following factors does not influence school achievement in adolescence?
A. Socioeconomic status
B. Parenting practices
C. Peer influence
D. Level of physical activity
78. Education in Western countries, particularly the United States, is based on which of the following aspects?
A. Participation in the community
B. Intrinsic motivation
C. Submission to authority
D. Duty
79. Beginning in adolescence, girls do better than boys
A. on creative tasks that involve synthesizing information.
B. in activities that involve spatial functions helpful in math.
C. on verbal tasks that involve writing and language usage.
D. in activities that involve visual functions helpful in science.
80. Which of the following is true about the difference between the male and female brain?
A. Girls have more connective white matter and cerebrospinal fluid than boys.
B. Girls’ brains are more evenly balanced across hemispheres than boys’.
C. Boys have more gray matter, neuronal cell bodies, and nearby connections than girls.
D. Boys’ brains are less specialized, permitting a wider range of cognitive abilities than girls’.
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