Question :
61.Why there no conclusive evidence that there a specific amount : 1245544
61.Why is there no conclusive evidence that there is a specific amount of alcohol a pregnant woman can drink without causing harmful effects to her child?
a.Because there is no way to know exactly how much alcohol is in any given drink, and thus it is impossible to accurately gauge the amount of alcohol being consumed.
b.Because the research has concluded that even very small amounts of alcohol are certainly damaging to an unborn child.
c.Because any safe level of consumption is probably not the same for all women, as a result of heredity and health factors.
d.Because alcohol is so often taken with other drugs that it is impossible to determine how much of it would be safe to consume.
62.If a woman smokes cigarettes or other forms of tobacco during pregnancy, which of the following effects is MOST likely to occur?
a.They are more likely to give birth to a child with cystic fibrosis or sickle cell anemia.
b.They are more likely to have a child who is born in the “breech” position, thus complicating their delivery and increasing the odds of requiring a Caesarian section procedure.
c.They are more likely to have a child born suffering from spina bifida
d.They are more likely to suffer a miscarriage or to have a child born with a lower birth weight
63.Although an unborn child may be protected from many different maternal illnesses, such as colds and some strains of the flu, other illnesses can be extremely harmful to the baby. Which of the following is NOT listed as one of those illnesses?
a.toxoplasmosisc.shingles
b.cytomegalovirusd.chlamydia
64.Wendy is pregnant with her son, who will be named William. Wendy has been diagnosed with a specific illness, and she knew about this prior to getting pregnant. Although there is no way to know for sure if the illness will harm William during his development, the most likely symptoms of any such harm would include damage to his central nervous system, his teeth, and his bones. From which of the following illnesses does Wendy suffer?
a.AIDSc.syphilis
b.rubellad.genital herpes
65.Although the risk of using a cellular telephone during pregnancy is, as of yet, unclear, your authors do note that there is one way in which using cell phones represents an enormous risk for both pregnant women and their unborn children. That is:
a.using cell phones while exercising.c.using cell phones while cooking.
b.using cell phones while driving.d.sleeping next to a charging cell phone.
66.Why is it that environmental teratogens may be even more treacherous to deal with than, say, maternal illnesses or the use of drugs during pregnancy?
a.Because environmental teratogens are widely understood to be the most serious in their potential to damage unborn children.
b.Because environmental teratogens are, in fact, unavoidable.
c.Because people have given up trying to “live clean” and avoid exposure to environmental teratogens.
d.Because people are so often unaware of environmental teratogens in their surroundings.
67.The key lesson learned by the fact that thalidomide showed no impact when tested on pregnant rats but led to birth defects in humans is that
a.teratogens impact different genotypes differently.
b.teratogens impact specific aspects of development.
c.teratogen effects may not emerge until later in life.
d.teratogen effects are the same regardless of the time when the individual is exposed.
68.The fact that exposure to a teratogen during the period of the zygote often leads to a spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) while the same exposure during the period of the fetus can lead to minor defects of bodily structures or systems demonstrates that
a.the impact of teratogens depends on the genotype of the organism
b.the impact of teratogens changes the course of prenatal development
c.different teratogens affect different aspects of prenatal development
d.the impact of a teratogen depends on the amount, or dose, of the teratogen
69.The fact that ingestion of nicotine can lead to an increased risk of miscarriage or low birth weight while contracting rubella can cause aberrant development of the eyes, ears, and heart demonstrates that
a.the impact of teratogens depends on the genotype of the organism.
b.the impact of teratogens changes of the course of prenatal development.
c.each teratogen affects a specific aspect (or aspects) of prenatal development.
d.the impact of a teratogen depends on the amount, or dose, of the teratogen.
70.What was the most critical lesson about teratogens learned from studies on the use of the drug DES by pregnant women?
a.Sometimes what appear to be teratogens actually are harmless drugs.
b.Infants in the late fetal period appear to be the most at risk for impact from drug-related teratogens.
c.Sometimes the effects of teratogens are not apparent until long after exposure.
d.Females appear to be at much greater risk from teratogens.
