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To help you with your reply, please consider the following questions: 250 words each part 1 and 2

What did you learn from the posting?

What additional questions do you have after reading the posting?
What clarification do you need regarding the posting?
What differences or similarities do you see between your initial discussion thread and your classmates’ postings?
Ask each other questions about why the specific training methods were selected.
How do the types of training methods selected by your classmate apply to other learning style(s)?
Analyze your classmates’ training objectives. Do the learning objectives describe the key conditions, observable performance or behavior, and set the standard for performance? What modifications would you suggest to ensure trainees understand the expectations clearly?

Part 1

As we have all learned throughout this course, not one person is similar in how they prefer to learn as another person would. This is why it is important that as a trainer in an organization you are aware of the groups who you will be teaching, their titles/positions, the location of the training, and the methods of delivery for training before you begin the preparation for the training. These steps would help you be successful when conducting and delivering training in your organization. I have chosen three types of training methods to review with you all and how they function during the delivery of a training course.

Equipment Simulator (technical skills)

This activity involves the operation or maintenance of equipment. These activities are meant to imitate a process as if you were doing the real thing. The type of activities could be virtually operating machinery, whether that may be an airplane, construction equipment, or navigating a ship. This provides a tangible experience for the trainee to really feel like they are in the moment operating the machinery in real-time, this is also otherwise known as physical fidelity simulation (Blanchard and Thacker, 2019). This learning style and activities accommodate gaming or simulation styles. Some adult learning characteristics that trainees should have to be able to properly practice and incorporate themselves into the training is the willingness to be self-led learning. The negative piece of this type of learning style is that it could be very costly, especially for the equipment needed.

Training objective:

The objective during a training session utilizing the equipment simulator is for the trainee to gain knowledge of the processes, procedures, and meaning of each part of a machine. The skills and knowledge needed for one to gain a good understanding of the training are going to require someone who is hands-on as a preferred learning method and someone who is analytical. Be sure that as a trainer or instructor you are determining the critical thinking skills of each of your trainees.

Role Play

This activity and method involve the enactment of a scenario in which each participant is given a role to act out. Typically, once the role is acted out, the trainer will review the practice session with those involved and those in the audience and reflect on if there could be any improvement or success. These can come in many environments and locations, it can be in a traditional training group session which can be structured, spontaneous on-the-spot training that could be one-on-one with management, or a single role-play. The learning style that this activity and method accommodates is that of an adult learner who would rather learn from their own experiences during their training sessions and is under the games and simulations styled learning. The only negative thing about this process is that during the time of feedback, trainees are typically reluctant to provide negative feedback to peers (Blanchard and Thacker, 2019). As well as it is only half controlled by the trainer since the other role parts would be acted out by trainees.

Training objective:

The objective of this training method or style is to have the trainee become more comfortable during situations that could be uncomfortable and to allow the trainee to be able to fully conduct the simulation that is recreated in real life, whether that may be with a real client or training another employee. The skills and knowledge needed for this learning simulation are simply for the trainee and the trainer to be knowledgeable in the role-playing that will be conducted. As for a trainer, you can prepare for role-playing by generating phases in the role play so that your trainees can be ready for the next phase in the role play (Plummer, 2019).

Straight Lecture

This type of teaching and training is conducted as a presentation by the trainer on selected content and the role of the trainee is to gain as much information as possible. Some activities that the trainers must do to ensure that all content is shared on the topic is to prepare for their lecture or presentation with the right data, layouts, and topics that will be covered. This learning style is under the lectures and demonstrations style and typically accommodates adult learners who are particularly interested in relevant information that pertains to their jobs or goal setting and achievement. For example, if an organization is in need of addressing a time management concern, then this training will accommodate those who need new methods to help overcome time management to achieve their goals and tasks. A characteristic of this learning style that should be considered is if the training is more than 20-30 minutes long, then it should be broken into segments since trainees typically will lose interest in long-duration training. The negative part of this style is that the instructor could make many small errors which then the trainee will become distracted. For example, the instructor could use a monotone voice during their lecture, or the instructor could just read from a slide and not actually lecture on the content being shared.

Training objective:

The training objective of this teaching method/style is to present all information on a topic to employees/trainees and for them to grasp all the information presented which they can implement in their roles. The skills and knowledge needed for this type of training can be very specific as you want your trainees to be able to easily grasp and retain the information given while implementing it in their day-to-day routines. It would need to involve individuals who are experienced in their roles and the business to ensure great success from the training conducted. The trainer must ensure that their presentation is clearly defined and delivered effectively for trainees to properly say they understand that they have learned.

References Alicia H

Blanchard, P. N., & Thacker, J. W. (2019). Effective training: Systems, strategies, and practices (6th ed.). Chicago Business Press.

Plummer, M. (2021, September 10). A short guide to building your team’s critical thinking skills. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2019/10/a-short-guide-to-building-your-teams-critical-thinking-skills

Part 2

Lecture/Discussion method uses a lecturette to provide learners with information and depends on interaction between the learners and instructor to deepen the understanding. This can be far more powerful than a lecture alone as the combination allows for application of the information immediately after. This sequence of event reinforces the topic and does an excellent job of providing the instructor with immediate feedback regarding retention and learning. This type of method favors intuitive learners who prefer new concepts, learn quickly, and do not like training which requires a great deal of memorization (Blanchard and Thacker, 2019). A learning objective would be, “Learn 3 techniques for delivering feedback and understand how they are applied in the workplace.”

Demonstration method is a visual display of how to accomplish a task. This can be used integrated into the lecture/discussion method and is very effective when training objectives are to improve skills and technical abilities. The best way to utilize this method is to provide the equipment or materials needed for learning used within the demonstration. As this can be an effective means of learning, acquiring the materials or equipment for demonstrations can be costly. This method is the best for visual learners who understand information by using pictures, diagrams, or actual demonstrations (Blanchard and Thacker, 2019). A learning objective for this method would be, “Observe and be able to demonstrate the steps in providing appropriate feedback.”

Role-playing method is where learners are required to apply acquired skills and knowledge to the simulated situations. Based on the learning objectives, the role-play may be structured or require spontaneous actions from participants. This can follow a lecture and it’s an excellent way to keep the attention of learners as well as engaged on the topic. For larger groups, role-play can be difficult to execute due to room configuration or sheer number of those who can participate. This is an excellent method for active learners who require stimulus or activity to keep their attention during learning activities. A learning objective for this method could be, “Be able to provide feedback for poor performing employees.”

References: Nick P

Blanchard, P. N., & Thacker, J. W. (2019). Effective training: Systems, strategies, and practices (6th ed.). Chicago Business Press.

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July 1, 2023

Q13) Your father is about to retire, and he wants to buy an annuity that will provide him with $85,000 of income a year for 25 years, with the first payment coming immediately. The discount rate on such annuities is 5.15%. How much would it cost him to buy the annuity today?

Q14) On January 1, 2009, your brother's business obtained a 30-year amortized mortgage loan for $250,000 at a nominal annual rate of 7.0%, with 360 end-of-month payments. The firm can deduct the interest paid for tax purposes. What will the interest tax deduction be for 2009?

Q15)The Ramirez Company's last dividend was $1.75. Its dividend growth rate is expected to be constant at 25% for 2 years, after which dividends are expected to grow at a rate of 6% forever. Its required return (rs) is 13%. What is the best estimate of the current stock price?

Q16) ABC Inc.'s bonds currently sell for $1,280 and have a par value of $1,000. They pay a $35 semi-annual coupon and have a 15-year maturity, but they can be called in 10 years at $1,100. What is their yield to call (YTC)?

Q17) ABC Corporation's bonds have a 10-year maturity, a 7.25% semiannual coupon, and a par value of $1,000. The going interest rate (rd) is 5.75%, based on semiannual compounding. What is the bond's price?

Q18) ABC Inc.'s stock has a 25% chance of producing a 30% return, a 50% chance of producing a 12% return, and a 25% chance of producing a -18% return. What is the firm's expected rate of return?

Q19) ABC Corp believes the following probability distribution exists for its stock. What is the coefficient of variation on the company's stock?

State of Economy	Probability	Expected return
Boom	45%	25%
Normal	50%	15%
Recession	5%	5%

Q20) Consider the following information and then calculate the required rate of return for the Global Investment Fund, which holds 4 stocks. The market's required rate of return is 13.25%, the risk-free rate is 7.00%, and the Fund's assets are as follows:

StockInvestmentBetaA$ 200,0001.50B$ 300,000-0.50C$ 500,0001.25D$1,000,0001.75

Q22) ABC Trucking's balance sheet shows a total of noncallable $45 million long-term debt with a coupon rate of 7.00% and a yield to maturity of 6.00%. This debt currently has a market value of $50 million. The balance sheet also shows that the company has 10 million shares of common stock, and the book value of the common equity (common stock plus retained earnings) is $65 million. The current stock price is $22.50 per share; stockholders' required return, rs, is 14.00%; and the firm's tax rate is 40%. The CFO thinks the WACC should be based on market value weights, but the president thinks book weights are more appropriate. What is the difference between these two WACCs?

Q23) Barry Company is considering a project that has the following cash flow and WACC data. What is the project's NPV? What is IRR? What is MIRR? Should this project be accepted? Why?

WACC:	13.00%
Year	0	1	2	3	4	5
Cash flows	-$1,100	$400	$390	$380	$370	$360

Q24) Marshall-Miller & Company is considering the purchase of a new machine for $50,000, installed. The machine has a tax life of 5 years, and it can be depreciated according to the following rates. The firm expects to operate the machine for 4 years and then to sell it for $12,500. If the marginal tax rate is 40%, what will the after-tax salvage value be when the machine is sold at the end of Year 4?

	Depreciation
Year	Rate
1	0.20
2	0.32
3	0.19
4	0.12
5	0.11
6	0.06

Q25) Thomson Media is considering some new equipment whose data are shown below. The equipment has a 3-year tax life and would be fully depreciated by the straight-line method over 3 years, but it would have a positive pre-tax salvage value at the end of Year 3, when the project would be closed down. Also, some new working capital would be required, but it would be recovered at the end of the project's life. Revenues and other operating costs are expected to be constant over the project's 3-year life. What is the project's NPV? Should you accept this project? Explain with evidence.

WACC	15.0%
Net investment in fixed assets (depreciable basis)	$70,000
Required new working capital	$10,000
Straight-line deprec. rate	33.333%
Sales revenues, each year	$75,000
Operating costs (excl. deprec.), each year	$30,000
Expected pretax salvage value	$ 5,000
Tax rate	35.0%

Q26) Your company has an opportunity to invest in a project that is expected to result in after-tax cash flows of $18,500 the first year, $21,000 the second year, $25,000 the third year, -$10,000 the fourth year, $31,000 the fifth year, $37,000 the sixth year, $39,000 the seventh and eighth year, and -$9,000 the ninth year. The project would cost the firm $145,000. If the firm's cost of capital is 11%, find NPV, IRR and MIRR for the project. Do you accept this project? Why?

Q27) XYZ Corporation is considering an expansion project. To date they have spent $65,000 investigating the viability of the project and have decided to proceed. The CEO of XYZ spent $20,000 last year on his business trip to New York where he discussed about the proposed new project with the board members. The company spent $50,000 on a marketing study before its current analysis regarding whether to accept or reject the project. The proposed project will cost $550,000. The project will be depreciated over a 3 year MACRS class life. XYX would use the 3-year MACRS method to depreciate the machine and equipment which are 33% 45%, 15% and 7%.
If the project is undertaken the company will need to increase its inventories by $45,000, and its accounts payable will rise by $10,000. The company will realize an additional $750,000 in sales over each of the next four years. The company’s operating costs (not including depreciation) will increase by $540,000 a year. Both sales and the operating cost are expected to grow 4.5% annually during the life of the project. The company’s tax rate is 35%. At t = 3, the project’s economic life is complete, but it will have a salvage value (before-tax) of $55,000 after three years. The project’s WACC is 10.5%. What is the project’s net present value (NPV)? What is the IRR? Should the project be accepted? Why or why not?

Q28) Using the following information, find the Expected Return, Variance, and Standard Deviation for the returns on Stock 1 and Stock 2. Also, find the Covariance and Correlation Coefficient between the returns on Stocks 1 and 2. If you invest $10,000 in stock X and $25,000 in stock Y, what would be the expected return and risk on your portfolio?

States	Probability	Return on StockX	Return on StockY
A	10%	15%	25%
B	25%	15%	20%
C	30%	17%	12%
D	35%	20%	10%

Q30) The required return on ABC Corporation's stock is 10.4%, beta is 1.7, and a risk-free asset is 5%. What would be the required rate of return on the stock if the stock's beta increased to 2.15 while the risk-free rate and market return remained unchanged?

July 1, 2023

Q18) ABC Inc.'s stock has a 25% chance of producing a 30% return, a 50% chance of producing a 12% return, and a 25% chance of producing a -18% return. What is the firm's expected rate of return?

Q19) ABC Corp believes the following probability distribution exists for its stock. What is the coefficient of variation on the company's stock?

State of Economy	Probability	Expected return
Boom	45%	25%
Normal	50%	15%
Recession	5%	5%

StockInvestmentBetaA$ 200,0001.50B$ 300,000-0.50C$ 500,0001.25D$1,000,0001.75

Q23) Barry Company is considering a project that has the following cash flow and WACC data. What is the project's NPV? What is IRR? What is MIRR? Should this project be accepted? Why?

WACC:	13.00%
Year	0	1	2	3	4	5
Cash flows	-$1,100	$400	$390	$380	$370	$360

	Depreciation
Year	Rate
1	0.20
2	0.32
3	0.19
4	0.12
5	0.11
6	0.06

WACC	15.0%
Net investment in fixed assets (depreciable basis)	$70,000
Required new working capital	$10,000
Straight-line deprec. rate	33.333%
Sales revenues, each year	$75,000
Operating costs (excl. deprec.), each year	$30,000
Expected pretax salvage value	$ 5,000
Tax rate	35.0%

States	Probability	Return on StockX	Return on StockY
A	10%	15%	25%
B	25%	15%	20%
C	30%	17%	12%
D	35%	20%	10%

July 1, 2023

Q18) ABC Inc.'s stock has a 25% chance of producing a 30% return, a 50% chance of producing a 12% return, and a 25% chance of producing a -18% return. What is the firm's expected rate of return?

Q19) ABC Corp believes the following probability distribution exists for its stock. What is the coefficient of variation on the company's stock?

State of Economy	Probability	Expected return
Boom	45%	25%
Normal	50%	15%
Recession	5%	5%

StockInvestmentBetaA$ 200,0001.50B$ 300,000-0.50C$ 500,0001.25D$1,000,0001.75

Q23) Barry Company is considering a project that has the following cash flow and WACC data. What is the project's NPV? What is IRR? What is MIRR? Should this project be accepted? Why?

WACC:	13.00%
Year	0	1	2	3	4	5
Cash flows	-$1,100	$400	$390	$380	$370	$360

	Depreciation
Year	Rate
1	0.20
2	0.32
3	0.19
4	0.12
5	0.11
6	0.06

WACC	15.0%
Net investment in fixed assets (depreciable basis)	$70,000
Required new working capital	$10,000
Straight-line deprec. rate	33.333%
Sales revenues, each year	$75,000
Operating costs (excl. deprec.), each year	$30,000
Expected pretax salvage value	$ 5,000
Tax rate	35.0%

States	Probability	Return on StockX	Return on StockY
A	10%	15%	25%
B	25%	15%	20%
C	30%	17%	12%
D	35%	20%	10%

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