Question :
31. Which of the following not one of the three components : 1201864
31. Which of the following is not one of the three components of an attitude?
A. Cognitive
B. Physical
C. Affective
D. Behavioral
32. As a freshman in college, Edward did not particularly enjoy country music; however, after four years of rooming with students who listened only to country music, Edward started to develop an appreciation for the music. This change is most likely due to
A. the matching hypothesis.
B. the mere-exposure effect.
C. psychological reactance.
D. social facilitation.
33. According to the elaboration likelihood model, commercials that use attractive models or celebrities to persuade viewers to buy the products are using the _____ route to attitude change.
A. central
B. elaborate
C. peripheral
D. attention-grabbing
34. The villainous Penguin is running for mayor in Gotham City. Batman decides that he is the only person who can run against Penguin and win. If Batman hopes to persuade voters using the peripheral route of attitude change, he will most likely
A. hold many press conferences to articulate his policies.
B. ask voters to offer recommendations for what changes they want to see.
C. throw a parade and put up posters of himself all over the city.
D. challenge Penguin to a debate to discuss their political differences.
35. Calisha is watching a commercial for asthma medicine. Calisha has asthma and is very interested in this product. She pays close attention to the commercial and rationally thinks about its message. According to the elaboration likelihood model, whether or not Calisha is persuaded by the message depends on
A. the quality of the arguments in the message.
B. the physical attractiveness of the spokesperson.
C. the confidence of the spokesperson.
D. whether or not the spokesperson is presented as a doctor.
36. Jim has negative attitudes toward exam review sessions. Jim’s instructor explains that review sessions can help to focus study efforts. Jim thinks carefully about this explanation and then changes his attitude, using the _____ route to attitude change.
A. central
B. facilitation
C. peripheral
D. dissonance
37. Allen tells his roommate that he thinks that smoking marijuana is wrong. A few weeks later, Allen tries smoking marijuana. Allen soon feels uncomfortable because his behavior was inconsistent with his attitude, so he decides that smoking marijuana must not be so wrong after all. Allen’s change of belief can best be explained by _____ theory.
A. social comparison
B. incongruence
C. cognitive dissonance
D. social identity
38. Charlotte tests cosmetics on rabbits to see if they might irritate eyes and skin. When she started her job, she felt uncomfortable because she didn’t think the benefit to the fashion world justified the discomfort to the animals. If she does not change her behavior, _____ theory predicts that she will try to justify the animals’ discomfort or that she will start emphasizing the importance of cosmetics.
A. elaboration likelihood
B. cognitive dissonance
C. social comparison
D. frustration-aggression
39. Ed participated in a psychology experiment in which he turned pegs on a board for one hour. Although the task was very boring, the experimenter said, “I will pay you $1 if you tell the next participant that this experiment is the most exciting experiment that you have ever been in.” Julie participated in the same experiment, but the experimenter offered to pay her $20 to lie to the next participant. According to cognitive dissonance theory, Ed will later report that experiment was _____, and Julie will report that it was _____.
A. boring; exciting
B. exciting; boring
C. exciting; exciting
D. boring; boring
40. Simeon has met only one person from Canada in his whole life, and that person really enjoyed hockey. Simeon now thinks that all people from Canada enjoy hockey. This example best illustrates
A. prejudice.
B. social discrimination.
C. a reference group.
D. a stereotype.
