Caledonia Products

Calculating Free Cash Flow and Project Valuation

FIN 370 Caledonia Products

Calculating Free Cash Flow and Project Valuation

It’s been two months since you took a position as an assistant financial analyst at Caledonia Products. Although your boss has been pleased with your work, he is still a bit hesitant about unleashing you without supervision. Your next assignment involves both the calculation of the cash flows associated with a new investment under consideration and the evaluation of several mutually exclusive projects. Given your lack of tenure at Caledonia, you have been asked not only to provide a recommendation, but also to respond to a number of questions aimed at judging your understanding and the evaluation of several mutually exclusive projects. Given your lack of tenure at Caledonia, you have been asked not only to provide a recommendation, but also to respond to a number of questions aimed at judging your understanding of the capital-budgeting process. The memorandum you received outlining your assignment follows:

To: The Assistant Financial Analyst

From: Mr. V. Morrison, CEO, Caledonia Products

Re: Cash Flow Analysis and Capital Rationing

We are considering the introduction of a new product. Currently we are in the 34% tax bracket with a 15% discount rate. This project is expected to last five years and then, because this is somewhat of a fad project, it will be terminated. The following information describes the new project:

Cost of new plant and equipment:      $ 7,900,000

Shipping and installation costs:          $ 100,000

Unit sales:      

Year    Units Sold

1          70,000

2          120,000

3          140,000

4          80,000

5          60,000

Sales price per unit:     $300/unit in years 1–4 and $260/unit in year 5.

Variable cost per unit: $180/unit

Annual fixed costs:     $200,000 per year

Working capital requirements: There will be an initial working capital requirement of $100,000 just to get production started. For each year the total investment in net working capital will be equal to 10% of the dollar value of sales for that year. Thus, the investment in working capital will increase during years 1 through 3, then decrease in year 4. Finally, all working capital is liquidated at the termination of the project at the end of year 5.

Depreciation method: Straight-line over 5 years assuming the plant and equipment have no salvage value after 5 years.

Questions

•           Formulate answers to questions 1–11

Describe factors Caledonia must consider if it were to lease versus buying.

1.         Why should Caledonia focus on project free cash flows as opposed to the accounting profits earned by the project when analyzing whether to undertake the project?

2.         What are the incremental cash flows for the project in years 1 through 5 and how do these cash flows differ from accounting profits or earnings?

3.         What is the project’s initial outlay?

4.         Sketch out a cash flow diagram for this project.

5.         What is the project’s net present value?

6.         What is its internal rate of return?

7.         Should the project be accepted? Why or why not?-

8.      In capital budgeting, risk can be measured from three perspectives. What are those three measures of a project’s risk?

9.      According to the CAPM, which measurement of a project’s risk is relevant? What complications does reality introduce into the CAPM view of risk, and what does that mean for our view of the relevant measure of a project’s risk?

10.  Explain how simulation works. What is the value in using a simulation approach?

11.  What is sensitivity analysis and what is its purpose?

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