71. Rosaria is a nurse in a large metropolitan hospital. There are some shifts that are very busy and very stressful. What coping strategy would be the most effective in helping her be resilient to the stress?
A. Take a break while working
B. Determine times of the week or year that are busiest, so that she can prepare for them
C. Work slower on busy shifts
D. Eat an adequate meal during those shifts
72. Your friend has been stressed recently, and you are concerned that if it continues, he will become depressed. Which of the following will be helpful to him in reducing stress and preventing depression during stressful periods?
A. Low self-efficacy
B. Strong social support networks
C. Overly concerned and protective family
D. Isolation from others
73. How does social support help prevent illness?
A. It provides one with an outlet for inner emotions.
B. It takes one's mind off stressors.
C. It encourages one to engage in healthy practices.
D. It eliminates the need for self-expression
74. Nelson experiences a lot of chronic stress at work, and his wife has asked for a divorce. Surprisingly, Nelson seems to be exhibiting very few stress reactions. He has a large network of friends who help him deal with his stressors. The support his friends provide is a
A. general adaptation syndrome.
B. stress resistor.
C. stress mediator.
D. cognitive stress strategy.
75. People with disease-prone personalities tend to do all of the following except
A. avoid thinking about stressors.
B. perceive stressors as catastrophic and brought on by themselves.
C. rely mainly on problem-focused coping strategies.
D. think pessimistically about their ability to overcome stressors.
76. A person with a disease-resistant personality is one who
A. is very angry and resentful.
B. handles stress effectively.
C. has an external locus of control.
D. is high on all big-five characteristics.
77. Eli grew up in an impoverished neighborhood and had friends who never went to school and ended up in prison. He finished high school while holding down a full-time job at night. He put himself through college while working and caring for his ailing parents. Throughout the challenges, Eli always believed that things would work out for the best. Eli is displaying
A. a self-serving bias.
B. dispositional optimism.
C. a Type A personality.
D. the actor-observer bias.
78. Mark and Lisa are a couple in the middle of a heated argument. Research on gender differences in stress responses suggests that
A. Mark is more likely than Lisa to make use of his social support network.
B. Mark is more likely than Lisa to display intense emotional and behavioral responses.
C. Mark and Lisa are equally likely to make use of social support networks.
D. Mark and Lisa are equally likely to display intense emotional and behavioral responses.
79. In 1921, Lewis Terman began a longitudinal study of gifted children. Recently, data from his research have been examined by health psychologists. The psychologists have concluded that the people who survived the longest were
A. low on ratings of conscientiousness.
B. impulsive and spontaneous.
C. high on ratings of conscientiousness.
D. not impulsive or spontaneous.
80. When Friedman and his associates analyzed the Terman Life Cycle Study in order to find the personality characteristics that predict long life, they found a link between _____ and longevity.
A. openness to experience
B. extraversion
C. conscientiousness
D. agreeableness
