61.The rapidness with which a person can execute a mental function and provide a specific response is called ________ speed.
a.visuographicc.working
b.psychomotord.cognitive
62.The universal finding with regard to changes in our reaction time as we age is that
a.cognitive speed on crystallized tasks gets faster but cognitive speed on fluid tasks gets slower as people get older.
b.cognitive speed on fluid tasks gets faster but cognitive speed on crystallized tasks gets slower as people get older.
c.people slow down as people get older.
d.people get cognitively faster as they get older.
63.What is the primary reason why people’s reaction times slow down as they get older?
a.Because older adults necessarily have more neurofibrillary tangles in their brains, and these tangles interfere with the cognitive processing of various tasks.
b.Because older adults have a decreased ability to distinguish important from unimportant information, and thus they need more time to process a given situation.
c.Because older adults have fewer “healthy” neurons, and thus neural messages take longer to process in the brain.
d.Because older adults take longer to decide that they need to respond to a given situation.
64.Jonathan is a 72-year-old man who is generally in good health. As he has aged his reaction times have gotten predictably slower. For which of the following activities would this post the greatest concern?
a.remembering to take his prescription medications on a daily basis
b.continuing his work as an architect
c.caretaking for his grandchildren while their parents go out for an evening
d.driving an automobile
65.The Useful Field of View measure does an excellent job of assessing
a.an individual’s IQ.c.working memory.
b.one’s risk for Alzheimer’s disease.d.the type of skills necessary to drive.
66.How is the AAA Roadwise Review tool administered to help senior drivers determine how fit they are to be behind the wheel of an automobile?
a.It is a battery of neuroimaging tests.
b.It is a pencil and paper test.
c.It is an “on the road” adaptation of a driver’s test.
d.It is an online inventory.
67.Once information is taken in, it is held in a memory facility where it can either be both stored or actively used to help solve problems. This facility is called ________ memory.
a.eideticc.iconic
b.workingd.echoic
68.Why is it that older adults seem to have declines in their psychomotor speed and their working memories when compared to younger adults?
a.Because they experience a reduction in neurofibrillary tangles, which inhibits the ability of neurons to send messages at a maximally efficient speed.
b.Because they experience a reduction in the ability of the corpus callosum to send messages from one cerebral hemisphere to the other.
c.Because they experience more neuronal death in the diencephalon (the thalamus and hypothalamus), which hinders these cognitive skills.
d.Because they show greater activation of the prefrontal cortex on easier tasks, thus “using up” their brain power before they ascend to more difficult tasks.
69.Explicit memory is to implicit memory as
a.visual is to auditory.c.conscious is to unconscious.
b.auditory is to visual.d.unconscious is to conscious.
70.While you are studying for your psychology exam, you are using a form of memory that is intentional, conscious, and remembered at a specific time. In other words, you are using ________ memory.
a.autonomicc.didactic
b.implicitd.explicit
