31.
Shellie takes college courses that interest her and enjoys learning for its own sake. Tori takes courses in which she is fairly certain she'll do well and studies mainly to ensure good grades. Shellie is _____ motivated, whereas Tori is _____ motivated.
A.
intrinsically; extrinsically
B.
internally; externally
C.
extrinsically; intrinsically
D.
externally; internally
32.
"Dance like no one's watching. Work like you don't need the money. Love like you've never been hurt," exhorts a sign on Dr. Elliott's office door. This sign underscores the importance of _____ motivation.
A.
explicit
B.
intrinsic
C.
implicit
D.
external
33.
Dr. Fiore conducts a study in which two groups of participants work on challenging puzzles: one group is extrinsically motivated whereas the other is intrinsically motivated. Thus, one group is paid for its participation, while the other is not. Dr. Fiore records the length of time each participant spent working on the puzzle and how enjoyable each participant rated the puzzle. Based on the theories of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, what might you expect?
A.
The paid group would work harder on the puzzle but enjoy it less than the unpaid group.
B.
The paid group would not work as hard on the puzzle and enjoy it less than the unpaid group.
C.
The paid group would work harder on the puzzle and enjoy it more than the unpaid group.
D.
The paid group would not work as hard on the puzzle but enjoy it more than the unpaid group.
34.
Which of the following is true of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
A.
Intrinsic motivation causes us to do something for money, a grade, or some other concrete, tangible reward.
B.
Extrinsic motivation causes us to participate in an activity for our own enjoyment rather than for any concrete, tangible reward that it will bring us.
C.
In some cases, providing rewards for desirable behavior actually may decrease intrinsic motivation.
D.
We are more apt to persevere, work harder, and produce work of higher quality when motivation for a task is extrinsic rather than intrinsic.
35.
Which of the following sequences best expresses the order in which the needs in Maslow's pyramid must be fulfilled from the first to the last?
A.
Physiological, safety, love and belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization
B.
Physiological and safety, esteem, love and belongingness, self-actualization
C.
Self-actualization, esteem, love and belongingness, and physiological and safety
D.
Self-actualization, love and belongingness, esteem, and physiological and safety
36.
According to Abraham Maslow, a major prerequisite for becoming self-actualized is having:
A.
all of one's lower-order needs fulfilled.
B.
a major altruistic streak.
C.
a very selfless nature.
D.
suffered in the past so one can truly appreciate the good aspects of life.
37.
According to Maslow, our highest-level need is the need for:
A.
self-esteem.
B.
self-efficacy.
C.
self-love.
D.
self-actualization.
38.
A state of self-fulfillment in which people realize their highest potentials in their own unique way is known as _____ in Maslow's model.
A.
self-reliance
B.
self-actualization
C.
self-efficacy
D.
self-regulation
39.
Which approach to motivation is correctly matched with one or more psychologists?
A.
Instinct theory—Horney
B.
Drive-reduction approach—Maslow
C.
Hierarchy of needs—Hull
D.
Self-determination theory— Deci and Ryan
40.
According to the self-determination theory, _____ is the need to produce desired outcomes.
A.
development
B.
autonomy
C.
relatedness
D.
competence
