41. _____ is a form of treatment in which the focus is on getting people to change their behavior and view of themselves by accepting who they are regardless of whether it matches their ideal.
A. Observational learning
B. Contingency contracting
C. Dialectical behavior therapy
D. Behavioral activation
42. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding dialectical behavior therapy?
A. It is especially effective in the treatment of personality disorders.
B. It stresses on who the individual wishes to become.
C. It is actually based mainly on psychoanalytic ideas.
D. It is a relatively new form of therapy.
43. How might one best respond to the charge that behavior therapy produces only a superficial change in external behavior?
A. Research shows that behavior therapies produce the same sorts of insights into one's life that one associates with psychoanalytic and humanistic therapies.
B. Neuroscientific evidence shows that behavioral treatments produce actual changes in the functioning of the brain.
C. External behavior is a result of internal functions.
D. Research shows that behavior therapies and cognitive therapies are fundamentally the same.
44. _____ evidence shows that behavioral treatments can produce actual changes in brain functioning, which suggests that behavioral treatments can produce changes beyond external behavior.
A. Neuroscientific
B. Psychodynamic
C. Cognitive
D. Hearsay
45. _____ treatment approaches teach people to think in more adaptive ways by changing their dysfunctional notions about the world and themselves.
A. Cognitive
B. Psychodynamic
C. Behavioral
D. Humanistic
46. _____ approach is a treatment approach that incorporates basic principles of learning to change the way people think.
A. Psychodynamic-cognitive
B. Humanistic-behavioral
C. Cognitive-behavioral
D. Psychodynamic-humanistic
47. _____ is a form of therapy that attempts to restructure a person's belief system into a more realistic, rational, and logical set of views by challenging dysfunctional beliefs that maintain irrational behavior.
A. Multi-modal therapy
B. Rational-emotive behavior therapy
C. Dialectical behavior therapy
D. Prolonged exposure therapy
48. Characteristics of cognitive treatment approaches include each of the following EXCEPT:
A. it is relatively short term.
B. it focuses on concrete problems.
C. it involves an active therapist.
D. it is not structured.
49. Which of the following therapies emphasizes the challenging of irrational, unrealistic beliefs?
A. Multi-modal therapy
B. Rational-emotive behavior therapy
C. Dialectical behavior therapy
D. Prolonged exposure therapy
50. Rational-emotive therapy is associated with _____; cognitive-behavioral therapy, with _____.
A. Beck; Ellis
B. Beck; Seligman
C. Ellis; Beck
D. Ellis; Seligman
51. Which of the following alternatives CORRECTLY illustrates a term in Ellis's A-B-C model?
A. Activating condition—"I must get the top score in the class, a perfect score".
B. Irrational belief—extreme anxiety
C. Emotional consequence—a midterm test is scheduled for next week
D. Irrational belief—"I will never get a good score in my test"
52. In _____ appraisal, clients are asked to evaluate situations, themselves, and others in terms of their memories, values, beliefs, thoughts, and expectations.
A. cognitive
B. psychodynamic
C. behavioral
D. humanistic
53. How is cognitive therapy different from rational-emotive therapy?
A. It entails a more confrontational therapist.
B. It entails a less confrontational therapist.
C. It is relatively long-term and loosely structured.
D. It aims to change people's behavior, rather than their thought pattern.
54. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the strengths of the cognitive approach to treatment?
A. It encourages deep insight into one's life.
B. It has been successful in dealing with a wide range of problems.
C. It is flexible and open to incorporating elements of other approaches to treatment.
D. Therapy tends to be highly structured and focused on concrete problems.
