MAT 540 Final Exam 1
1). If we are solving a 0-1 integer programming problem, the constraint x1 = x2 is a conditional constraint.
2). In a total integer model, all decision variables have integer solution values.
3). In a transshipment problem, items may be transported from destination to destination and from source to source.
4). Validation of a simulation model occurs when the true steady state average results have been reached.
5). Excel can be used to simulate systems that can be represented by both discrete and continuous random variables.
6). Fractional relationships between variables are not permitted in the standard form of a linear program.
7). In a break-even model, if all of the costs are held constant, how does an increase in price affect the model?
8). Using the minimax regret criterion to make a decision,
9). Using the maximin criterion to make a decision,
10). A business owner is trying to decide whether to buy, rent, or lease office space and has constructed the following payoff table based on whether business is brisk or slow. The conservative (maximin) strategy is:
11). An equation or inequality that expresses a resource restriction in a mathematical model is called _____________________.
12). Steinmetz furniture buys 2 products for resale: big shelves (B) and medium shelves (M). Each big shelf costs $100 and requires 100 cubic feet of storage space, and each medium shelf costs $50 and requires 80 cubic feet of storage space. The company has $25000 to invest in shelves this week, and the warehouse has 18000 cubic feet available for storage. Profit for each big shelf is $85 and for each medium shelf is $75. What is the constraint on money to invest?
13). Steinmetz furniture buys 2 products for resale: big shelves (B) and medium shelves (M). Each big shelf costs $100 and requires 100 cubic feet of storage space, and each medium shelf costs $50 and requires 80 cubic feet of storage space. The company has $25000 to invest in shelves this week, and the warehouse has 18000 cubic feet available for storage. Profit for each big shelf is $85 and for each medium shelf is $75. What is the storage space constraint? Answer
14). The following is an Excel “Answer” and “Sensitivity” reports of a linear programming problem: The Answer Report: The Sensitivity Report: Which additional resources would you recommend to be increased?
15). The production manager for Beer etc. produces 2 kinds of beer: light (L) and dark (D). Two resources used to produce beer are malt and wheat. He can obtain at most 4800 oz of malt per week and at most 3200 oz of wheat per week respectively. Each bottle of light beer requires 12 oz of malt and 4 oz of wheat, while a bottle of dark beer uses 8 oz of malt and 8 oz of wheat. Profits for light beer are $2 per bottle, and profits for dark beer are $1 per bottle. What is the optimal weekly profit?
16). Compared to transportation LP problems, assignment problems are unique because Answer
17). The owner of Black Angus Ranch is trying to determine the correct mix of two types of beef feed, A and B which cost 50 cents and 75 cents per pound, respectively. Five essential ingredients are contained in the feed, shown in the table below. The table also shows the minimum daily requirements of each ingredient.
18). In a capital budgeting problem, if either project 1 or project 2 is selected, then project 5 cannot be selected. Which of the alternatives listed below correctly models this situation?
19). If we are solving a 0-1 integer programming problem, the constraint x1 = x2 is a __________ constraint.
20). The assignment problem constraint x31+x32+x33+x34 ≤ 2 means
21). Consider the following network representation of shipment routes between plants, a distribution center, and retail outlets. The numbers next to the arcs represent shipping costs. For example, the cost of shipping from plant 1 to distribution center 3 is equal to 2.
22). Assume that it takes a college student an average of 5 minutes to find a parking spot in the main parking lot. Assume also that this time is normally distributed with a standard deviation of 2 minutes. What percentage of the students will take between 2 and 6 minutes to find a parking spot in the main parking lot?
23). Professor Truman would like to assign grades such that 10% of students receive As. If the exam average is 62 with a standard deviation of 13, what grade should be the cutoff for an A? (Round your answer.)
24).For the following frequency distribution of demand, the random number 0.8177 would be interpreted as a demand of:
25). A bakery is considering hiring another clerk to better serve customers. To help with this decision, records were kept to determine how many customers arrived in 10-minute intervals. Based on 100 ten-minute intervals, the following probability distribution and random number assignments developed. Suppose the next three random numbers were .18, .89 and .67. How many customers would have arrived during this 30-minute period?
Number of Arrivals Probability Random numbers 6 .1 .01 - .10 7 .3 .11 - .40 8 .3 .41 - .70 9 .2 .71 - .90 10 .1 .91 - .00
26). Consider the following graph of sales. Which of the following characteristics is exhibited by the data?
27). In the Monte Carlo process, values for a random variable are generated by __________ a probability distribution.
28). Joseph is considering pursuing an MS in Information Systems degree. He has applied to two different universities. The acceptance rate for applicants with similar qualifications is 30% for University X and 60% for University Y. What is the probability that Jim will not be accepted at either university? (Note: write your answer as a probability, with two decimal places. If necessary, round to two decimal places. For instance, a probability of 0.252 should be written as 0.25).
28). Suppose that a production process requires a fixed cost of $50,000. The variable cost per unit is $10 and the revenue per unit is projected to be $50. Find the break-even point.
29). Students are organizing a "Battle of the Bands" contest. They know that at least 100 people will attend. The rental fee for the hall is $200 and the winning band will receive $500. In order to guarantee that they break even, how much should they charge for each ticket? (Note: Write your answer with two significant places after the decimal and do not include the dollar “$” sign. For instance, for five dollars, write your answer as 5.00).
30). Tracksaws, Inc. makes tractors and lawn mowers. The firm makes a profit of $30 on each tractor and $30 on each lawn mower, and they sell all they can produce. The time requirements in the machine shop, fabrication, and tractor assembly are given in the table.
Formulation: Let x = number of tractors produced per period y = number of lawn mowers produced per period MAX 30x + 30y subject to 2 x + y ≤ 60 2 x + 3y ≤ 120 x ≤ 45 x, y ≥ 0 The graphical solution is shown below. What is the shadow price for assembly? Write your answers with two significant places after the decimal and do not include the dollar “$” sign.
31). Tracksaws, Inc. makes tractors and lawn mowers. The firm makes a profit of $30 on each tractor and $30 on each lawn mower, and they sell all they can produce. The time requirements in the machine shop, fabrication, and tractor assembly are given in the table. Formulation: Let x = number of tractors produced per period y = number of lawn mowers produced per period MAX 30x + 30y subject to 2 x + y ≤ 60 2 x + 3y ≤ 120 x ≤ 45 x, y ≥ 0 The graphical solution is shown below.
What is the shadow price for fabrication? Write your answers with two significant places after the decimal and do not include the dollar “$” sign.
32). Kitty Kennels provides overnight lodging for a variety of pets. An attractive feature is the quality of care the pets receive, including well balanced nutrition. The kennel’s cat food is made by mixing two types of cat food to obtain the “nutritionally balanced cat diet.” The data for the two cat foods are as follows:
Cat Food Cost/oz protien (%) fat (%) Meow Munch $0.20 30 10 Feline Feed $0.15 15 30 Kitty Kennels wants to be sure that the cats receive at least 5 ounces of protein and at least 3 ounces of fat per day. What is the optimal cost of this plan? Note: Please write your answers with two significant places after the decimal and do not include the dollar “$” sign. For instance, $9.45 (nine dollars and fortyfive cents) should be written as 9.45
34). Find the optimal Z value for the following problem. Do not include the dollar “$” sign with your answer. Max Z = x1 + 6x2
Subject to: 17x1 + 8x2 ≤ 136 3x1 + 4x2 ≤ 36 x1, x2 ≥ 0 and integer
35). Let’s say that a life insurance company wants to update its actuarial tables. Assume that the probability distribution of the lifetimes of the participants is approximately a normal distribution with a mean of 72 years and a standard deviation of 5 years. What proportion of the plan participants are expected to survive to see their 75th birthday? Note: Round your answer, if necessary, to two places after the decimal. Please express your answer with two places after the decimal. Answer
36). Ms. Hegel is considering four different opportunities, A, B, C, or D. The payoff for each opportunity will depend on the economic conditions, represented in the payoff table below.
Investment Economic Conditions Poor (S1) Average (S2) Good (S3) Excellent (S4) A 80 15 18 47 B 50 75 35 35 C -90 225 -50 12 D 36 25 25 27. Suppose all states of the world are equally likely (each state has a probability of 0.25). What is the expected value of perfect information? Note: Report your answer as an integer, rounding to the nearest integer, if applicable
37). The local operations manager for the IRS must decide whether to hire 1, 2, or 3 temporary workers. He estimates that net revenues will vary with how well taxpayers comply with the new tax code. The probabilities of low, medium, and high compliance are 0.20, 0.30, and 0.50 respectively. What is the expected value of perfect information? Do not include the dollar “$” sign with your answer. The following payoff table is given in thousands of dollars (e.g. 50 = $50,000). Note: Please express your answer as a whole number in thousands of dollars (e.g. 50 = $50,000). Round to the nearest whole number, if necessary.
38). The local operations manager for the IRS must decide whether to hire 1, 2, or 3 temporary workers. He estimates that net revenues will vary with how well taxpayers comply with the new tax code. The probabilities of low, medium, and high compliance are 0.20, 0.30, and 0.50 respectively. What are the expected net revenues for the number of workers he will decide to hire? The following payoff table is given in thousands of dollars (e.g. 50 = $50,000). Note: Please express your answer as a whole number in thousands of dollars (e.g. 50 = $50,000). Round to the nearest whole number, if necessary.
39). The following sales data are available for 2003-2008 :
Year Sales Forecast 2003 7 9 2004 12 10 2005 14 15 2006 20 22 2007 16 18 2008 25 21 Calculate the MAPD and express it in decimal notation. Please express the result as a number with 4 decimal places. If necessary, round your result accordingly. For instance, 9.14677, should be expressed as 9.1468
40). Consider the following decision tree. The objective is to choose the best decision among the two available decisions A and B. Find the expected value of the best decision. Do not include the dollar “$” sign with your answer.
