Question :
111. Elias has an independent self-system. As a result, we can : 1201810
111. Elias has an independent self-system. As a result, we can expect that he associates well-being and satisfaction with
A. social approval.
B. low self-efficacy.
C. possessing positive attributes.
D. possessing no negative attributes.
112. Hank is conducting research on cross-cultural differences in personality. He is investigating personality in Eastern cultures in which the group is valued more than the individual. Which of the following aspects of personality is not encouraged in these traditionally collectivist Eastern cultures?
A. Appearing equal to others
B. Lacking negative attributes
C. Maintaining harmonious relationships
D. Possessing a sense of independence
113. Which of the following statements about longitudinal studies of personality is false?
A. How an individual will behave as an adult is completely determined by the individual’s temperament as a child.
B. Long-term consistencies in behavior seem to result from the mutual influence that temperament and environmental events have on one another.
C. Childhood ill-temperedness is often reflected in adult behavior and functioning.
D. People tend to put themselves in situations that reinforce their personality characteristics.
114. Avshalom Caspi and his colleagues found that a child’s temperament predicts his or her personality as an adult. Temperament and adult personality are most likely linked because of the
A. genes that determine one’s personality.
B. stability of the environmental forces that give rise to both.
C. schedules of reward and punishment that a person experiences.
D. interaction between temperament and environmental events.
115. Santa has been conducting a longitudinal study on children’s temperament and adult personality to see who has been good for goodness’ sake. His results were identical to the temperament study in your personality chapter. Based on what you know, which of the following is a conclusion Santa would not have made?
A. Reciprocal determinism affects personality development.
B. Temperament was not found to be stable across time.
C. People put themselves into situations that reinforce temperament.
D. The findings were similar for males and females.
116. Sanjay wants to use an assessment of personality for his class project. He quickly learns that all of the following are basic tools for personality assessment except
A. interviews.
B. nonprojective measures.
C. experiments.
D. observations.
117. In Hyun’s personality test, he asks people to say whether or not a statement describes them. One statement on the test is “I prefer something new and exciting to something old and familiar.” Hyun’s test contains one hundred such statements. What might be an advantage to this type of test?
A. It is impossible for someone to lie.
B. It is reasonably efficient.
C. It reveals a person’s motivation.
D. It taps the unconscious.
118. Once Gilligan got back from the island, he thought it was a good idea to take an ocean cruise to Antarctica. This time, he wanted to be certain to go with people who weren’t annoying, so he created the Gilligan Compatibility Inventory. His friends were required to answer questions about specific traits and patterns of behavior. Gilligan developed a(n) ______ test.
A. projective
B. achievement
C. aptitude
D. nonprojective
119. One of the most significant concerns of nonprojective personality measures like the NEO-PI-R and the MMPI is their limitations in regard to
A. reliability.
B. norms.
C. cultural factors.
D. scoring results.
120. Homer and Ned are taking personality measures. Homer is asked to fill in the missing parts of incomplete pictures, and Ned is asked to say what he associates with different words. Homer is completing a(n) _____ personality measure, and Ned is completing a(n) _____ personality measure.
A. projective; nonprojective
B. nonprojective; projective
C. projective; projective
D. nonprojective; nonprojective
121. One benefit of using projective personality tests instead of nonprojective personality tests is that
A. respondents cannot easily detect what is being measured.
B. projective tests have higher validity and reliability.
C. projective tests are easier to administer.
D. projective tests are easier to interpret and score.
122. Dr. Pelmore wants to use a personality measure that brings out some of the patient’s needs, motives, conflicts, and other hidden aspects of personality. Dr. Pelmore would be least likely to choose the
A. Thematic Apperception Test.
B. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.
C. Rorschach Inkblot Test.
D. Draw-a-Person Test.
123. Which of the following is true regarding the use of personality measures for employee selection?
A. Large organizations usually give projective personality measures to job applicants.
B. Personality measures are often used in the hiring of federal employees.
C. Most industrial/organizational psychologists are against using measures to select employees.
D. Studies show that personality measures can help businesses reduce thefts.
124. Nonprojective personality measures have been used widely for hiring purposes. All of the following are problems with this practice except that
A. some measures measure traits that are too general to predict specific aspects of job performance.
B. personality traits may influence performance in some job situations but not others.
C. some employees see personality assessment as an invasion of their privacy.
D. lawsuits have resulted in a ban on the use of personality measures in the private sector.
125. Catbert is trying to decide whether personality measures will help him identify those people least deserving of promotion within the company. Which of the following statements about the use of personality measures for employee selection and promotion is true?
A. Some personality measures predict performance in some jobs but not others.
B. The U.S. Federal Government uses personality measures quite effectively for this purpose.
C. Use of personality measures can lead to a group of “super” employees.
D. Using personality measures always leads to correct predictions of job performance.
