Question :
21. Which of the following statements true regarding identifying risk : 1256166
21. Which of the following statements is true regarding identifying risk factors for young offenders?
a.History of behaviour is limited and ambiguous for young offenders
b.Adolescent behaviour may be more influenced by context than enduring characteristics
c.Adolescents experience more developmental and character changes than adults
d.It is a challenge to separate developmental issues from persistent personality and character
e.All of the above are true
22. According to the Ontario Child Health Study, approximately what percentage of children between the ages of 4 and 16 were found to experience conduct disorder, hyperactivity, emotional disturbance, or a combination of these?
a.1%
b.20%
c.30%
d.40%
e.50%
23. Which of the following statements is true regarding the developmental trajectory of youthful offenders?
a.Early onset of antisocial behaviour is usually more treatable and less persistent than a later onset of antisocial behaviour.
b.Most young offenders begin committing antisocial acts in adolescence rather than childhood.
c.Most children with behavioural problems go on to become adult offenders.
d.Generally, levels of aggression exhibited in childhood and adolescence remain fairly stable with age.
e.all of the above
24. Youth regularly engaging in antisocial acts are more likely than non-antisocial youth to:
a.have a greater degree of frontal lobe inhibition
b.have a biological mother that engaged in antisocial behaviour
c.misattribute hostile intent to negative situations
d.demonstrate cognitive deficits
e.all of the above
25. What is not considered an individual risk factor for behavioural problems in youth?
a.impulsivity
b.parent’s history of ADHD
c.mother’s use of drugs or alcohol during pregnancy
d.resilience
e.difficult temperament
26. Which of the following familial risk factors is associated with behavioural problems in youth?
a.parental alcohol use
b.divorce
c.inconsistent discipline
d.child neglect
e.all of the above
27. Erickson and Butters (2006) examined the relationship between gangs, guns, and drugs in Toronto and Montreal. What did they find?
a.As gang presence in schools increased so did the number of guns and the amount of drugs.
b.Gang presence in schools did not influence the number of guns or the amount of drugs.
c.As gang presence in schools increased, the number of guns and the amount of drugs decreased.
d.Gang presence in schools increases the number of guns but decreases the amount of drugs.
e.Gang presence in schools decreases the number of guns but increases the amount of drugs.
28. _______________ is a general term used to describe the ability to overcome stress and adversity.
a.Prosocial tendency
b.Resiliance
c.Social competence
d.Self-efficacy
e.Self-esteem
29. In what way(s) are protective factors effective?
a.They reduce negative outcomes by changing the risk level of the child’s exposure to a risk factor.
b.They change the negative chain reaction following exposure to risk.
c.They help to develop and maintain self-esteem and self-efficacy.
d.They provide opportunities to children that they would not otherwise have.
e.all of the above
30. Strategies that attempt to reduce the frequency of violence are known as:
a.primary intervention strategies
b.class-one intervention strategies
c.secondary intervention strategies
d.class-two intervention strategies
e.tertiary intervention strategies
31. The SNAP Under 12 Outreach Project (ORP) is an example of what type of strategy?
a.family-oriented strategy
b.secondary intervention strategy
c.school-oriented strategy
d.community-wide strategy
e.tertiary intervention strategy
32. The following therapy considers the influence of the family, peers, school, neighbourhood, and community environment:
a.parent training
b.cognitive training
c.dual systems approach
d.social-skills training
e.multisystemic therapy
33. Which of the following statements is true regarding multisystemic therapy (MST) with young offenders?
a.The youth’s case manager is accessible 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
b.Treatment outcome studies show that MST is more effective than the usual services available in Ontario.
c.MST proposes that delinquency is multi-determined and that treatment should occur in institutions.
d.MST focuses solely on the youth’s relationship with his/her primary caregiver.
e.all of the above
34. A study in Ontario found that multisystemic therapy (MST) was not more effective at reducing recidivism than providing usual services for high-risk youth. According to your text, which of the following statements was suggested as a potential explanation for this unexpected finding?
a.The study did not include a follow-up period.
b.The usual services group was at much lower risk to reoffend at the beginning of the study.
c.MST may have benefited youths on factors that were not included in the study.
d.The researchers failed to include a control group, so no explanation is possible.
e.all of the above
35. What is the goal of tertiary intervention strategies?
a.to prevent violence from occurring in the first place
b.to reduce the frequency of violence
c.to reduce the likelihood that the at-risk adolescent will engage in future offending
d.to punish
e.to include the school to reduce the frequency of violence
