Question :
41) If the marginal social cost of generating a kilowatt : 1241071
41) If the marginal social cost of generating a kilowatt of electricity is $0.10 and the marginal private cost is $0.08, what is the marginal external cost?
A) $0.18
B) $0.10
C) $0.08
D) $0.02
E) $0.80
42) If the marginal social cost of producing a ton of cement is $4,000 and the marginal private cost is $3,500, then the
A) marginal benefit of a ton of cement will equal $4,000.
B) total cost of producing a ton of cement is $7,500.
C) marginal external cost of producing a ton of cement is $500.
D) marginal external cost of producing a ton of cement is $7,500.
E) marginal external cost of producing a ton of cement is $4,000.
43) If a good has an external cost, then the marginal private cost curve
A) lies below then the marginal social cost curve.
B) lies above the marginal social cost curve.
C) lies below the horizontal axis.
D) is the same as the marginal external cost curve.
E) is undefined because the firms’ costs are not equal to the social costs.
44) If the production of a good causes an external cost, then the efficient quantity is
A) equal to the quantity at which the marginal benefit equals marginal cost.
B) less than the quantity at which the marginal benefit equals the marginal cost.
C) more than the quantity at which the marginal benefit equals the marginal cost.
D) the quantity at which the marginal private benefit is greater than the marginal social benefit.
E) None of the above answers is correct.
45) If a good has an external cost, the
A) unregulated competitive market outcome is efficient.
B) marginal private cost reflects the external cost.
C) unregulated competitive market outcome is inefficient.
D) marginal social benefit is equal to the marginal social cost when the market is in equilibrium.
E) external benefit must equal the external cost.
46) The basic reason that a competitive unregulated market produces an inefficient amount of a good with an external cost is because
A) producers cannot measure marginal social cost.
B) producers do not pay the external cost.
C) the general public does not care about external costs.
D) external costs are not a political issue.
E) the external cost is paid by consumers rather than producers.
47) When production of a good results in an external cost, the unregulated competitive market equilibrium quantity is
A) the efficient level of output.
B) greater than the efficient level of output.
C) not zero but is less than the efficient level of output.
D) unattainable.
E) zero.
48) If producing a good or a service creates pollution, then
A) an unregulated competitive market produces an efficient output.
B) the industry’s supply curve includes the extra cost of pollution.
C) at the unregulated, competitive market equilibrium quantity, marginal social cost is greater than the equilibrium price.
D) at the unregulated, competitive market equilibrium quantity, marginal social benefit and marginal social cost are equal.
E) at the unregulated, competitive market equilibrium quantity, marginal social benefit is less than the equilibrium price.
49) An external cost in the production of a good creates a difference between the
i.costs borne by the producer and the costs borne by society in general.
ii.efficient quantity of output and the equilibrium quantity of output.
iii.marginal social cost and the marginal private cost.
A) i only
B) iii only
C) ii and iii
D) i, ii, and iii
E) i and iii
50) The deadweight loss associated with producing a product that has an external cost occurs because
A) too much output is produced.
B) too little output is produced.
C) the price that firms charge for the good is too high.
D) not enough resources are allocated to producing the good.
E) the marginal social cost does not equal zero.
51) When production of a good results in an external cost, the unregulated competitive market equilibrium is inefficient because ________.
A) MSC = MC
B) MSC = MB
C) MSC > MB
D) MSC < MB
E) MSC is undefined
52) For a good whose production creates an external cost, the efficient quantity of output is
A) where the market demand curve and the market supply curve intersect.
B) where the marginal social cost curve and marginal benefit curve intersect.
C) as low as possible.
D) zero.
E) the amount of production so that the marginal social benefit exceeds the marginal social cost by as much as possible.
