Question :
51) According to Geert Hofstede, which of the following a : 1353295
51) According to Geert Hofstede, which of the following is a key cultural dimension that helps account for rapid economic growth in Asia?
A) power distance
B) individualist/collectivist
C) feminine/masculine
D) uncertainty avoidance
E) long-term orientation
52) Two countries that score high in uncertainty avoidance are:
A) Austria and Belgium.
B) Japan and Hong Kong.
C) Greece and Portugal.
D) Denmark and Finland.
E) Ireland and Italy.
53) Long-term values include all of the following except:
A) dynamism.
B) persistence.
C) sense of shame.
D) thrift.
E) ordering relationships.
54) Which is not considered as a long-term value?
A) persistence
B) sense of shame
C) thrift
D) ordering relationships
E) search for truth
55) The power distance dimension reflects the degree of trust among members of society. Thus, the higher the power distance (PDI) the:
A) greater is uncertainty avoidance.
B) lower is the level of trust.
C) higher is tolerance for ambiguity.
D) greater is male dominance.
E) lower is the harmony.
56) Danes generally are not afraid of taking chances; they are comfortable doing things that are not carefully thought out or planned. Denmark’s “flexicurity” policy combines free labor markets with adjustable welfare benefits. This is an example of the application of Hofstede’s typology under the values which highlight:
A) Future Orientation.
B) Uncertainty Avoidance.
C) Gender Differentiation.
D) Power Distance.
E) Individualism/Collectivism.
57) European consumers have faced a number of food-related issues, including an outbreak of hoof-and-mouth disease and continuing concerns over mad cow disease. As a result, many are skeptical about GMOs (genetically-modified organisms) and the benefits of eating food products that incorporate genetically-engineered ingredients. As one French citizen noted recently, “We have a very risk-averse society that has been completely traumatized by food scares.” Thinking about this situation in terms of Hofstede’s cultural values framework, one might reasonably interpret this remark to indicate that France ranks relatively high in:
A) Power Distance.
B) Short-term Orientation.
C) Masculinity.
D) Uncertainty Avoidance.
E) Individualism.
58) Procter & Gamble’s introduction of All-Temperature Cheer laundry detergent in Japan was a flop at first. The problem was that Japanese women wash clothes in cold water—either tap water or leftover bath water—so they don’t care about all-temperature washing (which is a big selling point in the United States). Also, Cheer was first introduced in Japan at a time when the market for fabric softeners in Japan was rapidly expanding. However, when Japanese housewives added lots of fabric softener to the water, Cheer didn’t produce many suds (Americans don’t use as much fabric softener). P&G reformulated the product so it wouldn’t be affected by fabric softeners, and ads for Cheer in Japan pledged superior cleaning in cold water, not all temperatures. Which of the following might have helped P&G avoid the initial problems with Cheer?
A) Maslow’s hierarchy
B) high vs. low context culture
C) diffusion of innovation
D) self-reference criterion
E) polycentric orientation
59) The Walt Disney Company’s decision to build a theme park in France provides an excellent vehicle to understanding SRC (Self-Reference Criterion). All of the statements listed below portray this meaning except:
A) Disney executives believed there is virtually unlimited demand for American cultural exports.
B) French are sensitive about American cultural imperialism.
C) Consuming wine with the midday meal is a long-established custom which was not realized by Disney executives.
D) Disney executives were blinded by their prior success and ethnocentrism.
E) The SRC can be a powerful negative force in global business.
60) Which of the following best sums up the experience of Walt Disney Company executives when creating Disney’s theme park in Paris?
A) They were guided by the “think global, act local” principle.
B) They fell victim to the self-reference criterion.
C) They exhibited a geocentric management orientation.
D) They miscalculated the rate of diffusion of innovations in Europe.
E) They had an unbiased perception of existing culture in Europe.
