Question :
71.Thecommercialvalueofivoryisathreattotheelephant,butthecommercialvalueofbeefisaguardianofthecow.Thisisbecause
a.thecowisraisedindevelopedcountries,whiletheelephantlivesprimarilyinless-developedcountrie : 1261449
71.Thecommercialvalueofivoryisathreattotheelephant,butthecommercialvalueofbeefisaguardianofthecow.Thisisbecause
a.thecowisraisedindevelopedcountries,whiletheelephantlivesprimarilyinless-developedcountries.
b.cowsareprivategoods,whileelephantstendtoroamfreelywithoutowners.
c.cowsandelephantsarepublicgoods,butivoryisnonrival.
d.ivoryisnonrivalandnonexclusive,butbeefisrivalandexclusive.
72.Whyisthecommercialvalueofivoryathreattotheelephant,whilethecommercialvalueofbeefisthecow’sguardian?
a.ElephantsliveinAfrica,whereascowsliveintheUnitedStates.
b.Elephantsareacommonresource.
c.Cowsareacommonresource.
d.Cowsareapublicgood.
73.Whyhasthevalueofivorythreatenedtheextinctionoftheelephant,whereasthevalueofbeefhasenhancedthesurvivalofthecow?
a.Cowsareacommonresource,whereaselephantsareownedbygovernments.
b.Elephantsarelargerthancows,requiringmoreeconomicresources.
c.ElephantsliveinAfrica,whereeconomicresourcesarescarce.
d.Elephantsareacommonresource,whereascowsareprivatelyowned.
74.Manyspeciesofanimalsarecommonresources,andmanymustbeprotectedbylawtokeepthemfromextinction.
a.Cowsreproduceatahighrateandhaveadaptedwelltotheirenvironment.
b.Publicpoliciesprotectcowsfrompredatorsanddiseases.
c.Cowsareprivatelyowned,whereasmanyendangeredspeciesareownedbynoone.
d.Thereisanaturalecologicalbalancebetweenthebirthrateofcowsandhumanconsumption.
75.ElephantpopulationsinsomeAfricancountrieshavestartedtorisebecause
a.environmentalistshavedevelopedeffectiveeducationalcampaigns.
b.thevalueofivoryhasdecreased.
c.someelephantshavebeenmadeaprivategood,andpeopleareallowedtokillelephantsontheirownproperty.
d.regulationsarebeingenforcedmoreforcefully.
76.ItiscommonknowledgethatmanyU.S.nationalparkshavebecomeoverused.Onepossiblesolutiontothisproblemisto
a.increaseentrancefees.
b.decreasecampingpermitfees.
c.requireallvisitorstoregisteruponenteringthepark.
d.sellthelandthattheparkscurrentlyoccupy.
77.Onholidayweekendsthousandsofpeoplepicnicinstateparks.Somepicnicareasbecomesoovercrowdedthebenefitorvalueofpicnickingdiminishestozero.SupposethattheMinnesotaStateParkServiceinstitutesavariablefeestructure.Onweekdayswhenthepicnicareasgetlittleuse,thefeeiszero.Onnormalweekends,thefeeis$8perperson.Onholidayweekends,thefeeis$14perperson.Thefeesystemcorrectsaproblemknownasthe
a.Coasetheorem.
b.freeriderproblem.
c.TragedyoftheCommons.
d.publicgoodsproblem.
78.CongressmanSmithandCongresswomanJohnsonbothconsiderthemselvesadvocatesforthenationalparksandareintroducingdifferentbillsdesignedtobenefittheparks.CongressmanSmith’sbillcallsforanincreaseintheentrancefees.CongresswomanJohnson’sbillcallsforadecreaseintheentrancefees.Which of the bills would bemoreeffectiveatensuringthequalityofthenationalparks?
a.CongressmanSmith’sbillbecauseitwillreducetheoveruseoftheparks
b.CongresswomanJohnson’sbillbecausemorevisitorsmeansmorecitizenswillvalueandcarefortheparks
c.Bothbillswouldbeequallyeffective.
d.Neitherbillwouldbeeffective.
79.Ninefriendswholovethebeachdecidetopooltheirfinancialresourcesandequallysharethecostofaone-weekhouserentalonNantucket.Supposethatthebeachoutsideofthehousebecomesmorecongestedwhenthenineadditionalpeoplejointheotherbeachgoers.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotcorrect?
a.Useofthebeachbytheninenewbeachgoerswillyieldanegativeexternality.
b.Thetowncanreducethecongestionexternalitybyraisingthefeetoaccessthebeach.
c.Anincreaseinthefeetoaccessthebeachcouldbeviewedasacorrectivetaxontheexternalityofcongestion.
d.Eachoftheninefriendswouldhavebeenbetteroffstayingathome.
80.Tenfriendswholovetoskidecidetopooltheirfinancialresourcesandequallysharethecostofaone-weektime-sharecondominiuminAlta,Utah.Supposethattheliftlinesattheskiresortbecomemorecongestedwhenthetenadditionalpeoplestarttoski.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotcorrect?
a.Useoftheskiresortbythetennewskierswillyieldanegativeexternality.
b.Theskiresortcanreducethecongestionexternalitybyraisingliftticketprices.
c.Anincreaseinliftticketpricescouldbeviewedasacorrectivetaxontheexternalityofcongestion.
d.Eachofthetenfriendswouldhavebeenbetteroffstayingathome.