Question :
11) Wage differences among workers of different races and gender : 1387991
11) Wage differences among workers of different races and gender could be due to all of the following except
A) differences in preferences for jobs.
B) differences in work experience.
C) differences in education.
D) labor unions.
12) Women typically earn less than men, even in the same occupation. Which of the following is an explanation for this discrepancy?
A) Women do not work as hard as men because of cultural influences.
B) Women have, on average, less workforce experience than men of the same age.
C) Women are, on average, less motivated than men and therefore tend to avoid taking on more responsibilities.
D) Women tend to take riskier jobs and earn compensating wage differentials.
13) Worker discrimination occurs when
A) workers refuse to perform risky tasks.
B) workers refuse to work with persons of a different race.
C) customers refuse to buy products produced by a racially diverse workforce.
D) employers pay different employees different wages based on race.
14) Customer discrimination occurs when
A) a firm pays workers different wages based on irrelevant factors.
B) customers refuse to buy products produced by a racially diverse workforce.
C) customers refuse to buy products they believe to be of poor quality.
D) workers refuse to serve customers of a different race.
15) Which of the following is a reason why it is difficult to estimate the extent of economic discrimination in the labor market?
A) Employers who discriminate are likely to do so in overt ways such as awarding some workers with benefits-in-kind.
B) Ultimately, employers who discriminate cannot remain profitable.
C) Employers who discriminate pay an economic penalty.
D) Differences in wages can be attributed to many other factors as well, such as differences in productivity and preferences.
16) That some talented people may not enter an occupation because they have heard that people with their personal characteristics do not get hired in that occupation is known as
A) economic discrimination.
B) a compensating difference.
C) a negative feedback loop.
D) worker discrimination.
17) Consider the following pieces of information:
a.According to Bonnie Reyes, president and chief operating officer of Better Investing, a national organization of investment clubs, women have traditionally made up about 60 percent of the membership of investment clubs. By contrast, less than a third of team-managed mutual funds on Wall Street have even one woman on the management team.
b.Research conducted by professors E. Brooke Harrington and Max Planck concluded that mixed investment clubs, on average, outperformed the typical single-sex investment club.
c.The lack of gender diversity in Wall Street could be influenced by its reputation, according to professor Harrington, “for being inhospitable to women.”
The information presented is an example of
A) economic discrimination.
B) a negative feedback loop.
C) marginal productivity theory.
D) the absence of comparable worth.
18) The primary purpose of labor unions is to
A) ensure that workers receive adequate safety training.
B) ensure that all members earn identical incomes.
C) negotiate with employers about wages and working conditions.
D) endorse candidates and donate money to them.
19) Comparable worth legislation
A) will eliminate the earnings gap between men and women.
B) mandates that employers pay the same wages to workers, regardless of their gender, for jobs that have comparable worth.
C) mandates that potential employers demonstrate that they are worth the wages they expect to earn.
D) guides markets toward the economically efficient wage.
