Question : 21. Elizabeth has noticed that her roommate, Maureen, often cranky. One : 1201863

21. Elizabeth has noticed that her roommate, Maureen, is often cranky. One night Elizabeth overhears Maureen yelling at someone over the telephone. Elizabeth concludes that Maureen is being her irritable self again and feels bad for the person she’s talking to. Elizabeth has made a(n) _____ attribution for Maureen’s behavior. 
A. internal
B. external
C. differentiated
D. unified

22. While at a club, Danielle asks an attractive man to dance. After he says “no,” Danielle’s friends tell her that the man is an insensitive jerk. However, her friends do not realize that the man turned Danielle down because he has a girlfriend. Danielle’s friends are demonstrating the 
A. ultimate attribution error.
B. self-serving bias.
C. pessimistic bias.
D. fundamental attribution error.

23. Otto is at a professional football game. He watches a receiver bobble an easy pass. If Otto is making the fundamental attribution error, he is most likely to remark that the player 
A. was affected by the lights.
B. does not receive enough money.
C. was distracted by some fan.
D. is not a good receiver.

24. Terrance, a Canadian, is watching the Olympics. Whenever his country wins an event, Terrance boasts about the skills and talents of the Canadian athletes. Whenever another country wins an event, he claims that the athletes of that country “got lucky.” Terrance is displaying the 
A. self-fulfilling prophecy.
B. fundamental attribution error.
C. actor-observer effect.
D. ultimate attribution error.

25. When I trip on the stairs, I look around to see what I tripped on. When I see someone else trip on the stairs, I assume that the person is clumsy. This example best illustrates the 
A. fundamental attribution error.
B. self-fulfilling prophecy.
C. self-serving bias.
D. actor-observer effect.

26. Zoe is in a speech class. She watches all of her peers give speeches, and when one of them does poorly, she automatically assumes it is because that person is an inferior student. However, when Zoe gives a bad speech later in the semester, she attributes her poor performance to lack of sleep the night before. This example best illustrates 
A. the fundamental attribution error.
B. the actor-observer effect.
C. a self-fulfilling prophecy.
D. social referencing.

27. Regina believes she did well in her psychology class because she is smart, but she blames her poor performance in chemistry on her “incompetent instructor.” Regina’s reasoning demonstrates the 
A. self-serving bias.
B. fundamental attribution error.
C. actor-observer effect.
D. ultimate attribution error.

28. Pierre received an A on his first calculus test and bragged about how smart he is at math. On his second calculus test, he received a C and complained about how hard the professor made the exam. Pierre’s attributions about his grades best illustrate 
A. the fundamental attribution error.
B. the self-serving bias.
C. the actor-observer effect.
D. unrealistic optimism.

29. Reese is talking with her friends about the upcoming college semester. Although her health and academic abilities are normal, Reese thinks that she is less likely to get the flu and more likely to get good grades than the average college student. This is an example of 
A. social referencing.
B. unrealistic optimism.
C. the actor-observer effect.
D. a self-serving bias.

30. John has a negative attitude toward abortion. His belief that abortion is morally wrong is the _____ component of his attitude, his feeling of distress when he learns that an abortion has been performed is the _____ component, and his participation at abortion clinic sit-ins is the _____ component. 
A. cognitive; behavioral; affective
B. behavioral; cognitive; affective
C. affective; behavioral; cognitive
D. cognitive; affective; behavioral