101.Which of the following is a drawback of push strategies?
A. It can be expensive when the distribution channel is long.
B. It decreases interaction with consumers.
C. It does not allow consumers to be educated on the benefits of a complex product.
D. It is useful only in advanced nations where consumers are sophisticated and highly educated.
E. It can only be used to sell industrial products.
102.Which of the following marketing strategies relies on access to advertising media?
A. Personal selling
B. Direct selling
C. Push strategy
D. Pull strategy
E. Copy testing
103.A push strategy is emphasized when:
A. distribution channels are short.
B. sufficient print and electronic media are available to carry the marketing message.
C. consumers have a low level of literacy.
D. the products being sold are consumer goods.
E. professional services are being offered.
104.Pull strategies tend to be emphasized:
A. for complex new products
B. for consumer goods
C. for industrial goods
D. when distribution channels are short.
E. when few print or electronic media are available.
105.Which of the following is an argument for standardized advertising?
A. Consumer tastes and preferences are universal.
B. A message that works in one nation will invariably work in every other country.
C. Advertising regulations always promote standardized advertising.
D. Many brand names are global.
E. The costs of value creation may be increased by standardized advertising.
106.Which of the following is an argument against standardized advertising?
A. One large effort to develop a campaign fails to produce better results than 40 or 50 smaller efforts.
B. It fails to make use of local talent available in other cultures.
C. Advertising regulations may block implementation of standardized advertising.
D. Royalties make it the most expensive form of advertising.
E. It increases the costs of value creation.
107.Which of the following is an argument against standardized advertising?
A. One large effort to develop a campaign fails to produce better results than 40 or 50 smaller efforts.
B. It fails to make use of local talent available in other cultures.
C. Cultural diversity makes it extremely difficult to develop a single advertising theme that is effective worldwide.
D. Royalties make it the most expensive form of advertising.
E. It increases the costs of value creation.
108._____ exists whenever consumers in different countries are charged different prices for the same product.
A. Penetration pricing
B. Premium pricing
C. Predatory pricing
D. Price discrimination
E. Price skimming
109.Which of the following is true of price discrimination?
A. It involves charging whatever the market will bear.
B. In a competitive market, prices may have to be higher than in a market where the firm has a monopoly.
C. It makes economic sense to charge the same prices in different countries.
D. It exists whenever consumers in different countries are charged the same price for the same product, irrespective of variations.
E. It cannot help a company maximize its profits.
110.Which of the following is necessary for a firm to ensure profitable price discrimination?
A. The firm must sell a standardized product.
B. The firm must be able to keep its national markets separate.
C. The firm must encourage other firms and competitors to engage in arbitration.
D. Products sold by the firm must have same prices elasticities of demand in different countries.
E. Products must be sold in countries where a small change in prices produces a large change in demand.
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