Question : 41. Dr. Waranyurat a contemporary psychodynamic theorist. His work with clients : 1201818

41. Dr. Waranyurat is a contemporary psychodynamic theorist. His work with clients focuses on how their early bonds are related to their self-image and to how they form social relationships in adulthood. Dr. Waranyurat’s therapy is based closely on the _____ theory of personality. 
A. social-cognitive
B. expectancy
C. psychoanalytic
D. attachment

42. Which of the following statements concerning Freud’s theory is false? 
A. Freud viewed his patients as suffering from id-motivated unconscious conflicts.
B. Most of Freud’s patients were upper-class Viennese women.
C. Freud’s theory has been criticized for being sexist.
D. Freud’s theory is the result of scientific measurement and testing.

43. Freudian theory has been criticized for which of the following reasons? 
A. It is a very narrow theory that cannot explain much of human behavior.
B. It is a useful theory for making experimental predictions, but it offers little to help us understand or explain past behavior.
C. It is useful as an abstract theory of human functioning, but it is seldom used in clinical work with psychiatric patients.
D. It explains many things in ways that cannot be tested and disproved.

44. Which of the following is not a criticism of Freud’s psychodynamic theory of personality? 
A. It is based almost entirely on case studies of a few individuals.
B. Its definitions of the id, ego, and superego lack the precision required for scientific measurement and testing.
C. It places too much emphasis on the observation and measurement of overt behaviors.
D. It views human beings as creatures driven mostly by the need to gratify impulses.

45. Boyan is writing a paper discussing the criticisms of Freud’s psychodynamic approach to personality. All of the following might appear in Boyan’s paper as a criticism except that Freud’s 
A. approach focused too much on learning.
B. sample was unrepresentative.
C. focus was primarily on male psychosexual development.
D. concepts were too vague to be tested scientifically.

46. Jenni says to her friend, “I don’t know why you expect Frank to change. The fact is, people behave in stable ways.” Jenni most likely subscribes to the _____ approach to personality. 
A. humanistic
B. trait
C. psychodynamic
D. behavioral

47. Which of the following is not an assumption of the trait approach to personality? 
A. Inconsistent or incompatible behaviors occur because traits are situation-specific.
B. Traits are stable and long-lasting.
C. Traits are general and occur in diverse situations.
D. Each person has his or her own set of traits that form a unique pattern of personality.

48. Kalpita is helping you to remember the basic tenants of the trait approach to personality. She tells you to first remember the basic assumption of the theory, which states that people 
A. react in different ways in different situations.
B. are motivated by unconscious instincts.
C. have stable, long-lasting patterns of behavior.
D. are products of their environment.

49. “Let me tell you about my friend Gertruda,” says Schultz. Schultz is most likely about to describe some of Gertruda’s _____ traits. 
A. cardinal
B. type
C. secondary
D. central

50. A primary difference between Allport’s secondary and central traits is that 
A. secondary traits are more specific to certain situations.
B. central traits control less behavior.
C. secondary traits are innate, whereas central traits are learned.
D. secondary traits compensate for missing central traits.