Question : 41. Which of the following NOT an example of a descriptive : 1246150

41. Which of the following is NOT an example of a descriptive research method? 
A. Surveys and interviews
B. Observations
C. Experiments
D. Case studies

42. The goal of _____ research is to determine the basic definitions and dimensions of the phenomenon under investigation. 
A. descriptive
B. normative
C. experimental
D. applied

43. Dr. Okawa is interested in studying the effect that neurological trauma can have on short-term memory. First, he collects detailed information from a small number of individuals who have experienced brain damage. Then, using information provided by medical records, interviews, and observations, Dr. Okawa attempts to create an in-depth portrait of each individual. What type of research method was used in this study? 
A. Case study
B. Naturalistic observation
C. Experimental method
D. Surveys

44. A case study _____. 
A. is an indepth look at a single individual
B. is useful for studying large populations
C. involves random assignment of participants
D. relies on the experimental method

45. Which of the following statements about correlational research is false? 
A. Correlational methods involve the study of naturally occurring relationships among two variables.
B. Correlational methods rely on observing and measuring.
C. Correlational methods are useful for establishing cause-and-effect relationships between two variables.
D. The degree of relationship between two variables is expressed as a numerical value called a correlational coefficient.

46. A correlation coefficient indicates the _____. 
A. strength and direction of association between two variables
B. direction of the causal relationship between two variables
C. extent to which demand characteristics have biased the results of the study
D. extent to which experimenter bias has influenced the results of the study

47. Professor Jordan has suggested to his students that as study time increases, grades increase. The professor is describing a _____. 
A. mean score
B. positive correlation
C. negative correlation
D. standard deviation

48. Professor Mendez found that the correlation between students’ life stress scale score and his or her final grade was -.80. This correlation coefficient indicates a _____ relationship between the two variables. 
A. high positive
B. high negative
C. low positive
D. low negative

49. Professor Izadi is interested in the association between sleep and cognitive performance. He surveyed his students about the number of hours they slept the night before the exam and then correlated these scores with their test grades. He found a +.81 correlation between these two variables. What does this result mean? 
A. There is a high negative correlation between sleep and exam performance.
B. There is a low negative correlation between sleep and exam performance.
C. There is a high positive correlation between sleep and exam performance.
D. There is a low positive correlation between sleep and exam performance.

50. Dr. Simpson finds a positive .50 correlation between ice cream cone sales and violent crimes in a community. Which of the following represents the best interpretation of this result? 
A. Ice cream causes people to become more violent and aggressive.
B. A third variable, such as heat, may account for the association between ice cream sales and violent crime.
C. Violent people like ice cream more than non-violent people.
D. Ice cream consumption is not related to violent crime.