161. Prosocial behavior includes ________.
a) compliance
b) obedience
c) conforming
d) cooperating
162. The Kitty Genovese case depicts ________.
a) social loafing
b) group polarization
c) the bystander effect
d) obedience to authority
163. In March of 1964, Kitty Genovese was the victim of a brutal assault that led to her death in the entryway of an apartment complex. Police reports indicate that out of the 38 people who observed the attack happening, ________ called 911 to request assistance.
a) 1
b) 10
c) 19
d) 38
164. What term do psychologists use for the phenomenon that occurs when people are less likely to aid a person in trouble if there are other people around who are also potential helpers?
a) bystander effect
b) sole-witness effect
c) subtle aggressive effect
d) antisocial behavior effect
165. A car crash woke John from his afternoon nap. When he looked out his apartment window, he saw several people milling around two smashed cars. He decided not to dial 911 because he assumed someone had already called. John’s reaction is an example of ______.
a) the bystander effect
b) pluralistic compliance
c) obedience to authority
d) conformity to social norms
166. In Darley and Latané’s (1968) study involving an apparent emergency, ________ percent of participants decided to help a stranger who claimed to be choking within one minute when there were four other bystanders present.
a) 5
b) 25
c) 45
d) 65
167. According to the research of Latané and Darley, which of the following situations would be the most likely in which someone would offer to help?
a) person on the side of the road with a flat tire during rush hour
b) person asking for help in a crowded stadium parking lot
c) person falling down coming out of an elevator with only one other person in it
d) a student falling off a ladder outside a full classroom
168. In a crowded mall parking lot, dozens of people hear a female voice yell, “He’s killing me!” Yet no one calls the police. What is the reason for the lack of action, according to Darley and Latané?
a) People are too busy to respond.
b) Most people “do not want to become involved.”
c) The fight-or-flight response is not activated when others are in danger.
d) Diffusion of responsibility is the reason most people do not respond.
169. In Darley and Latané’s (1970) five step model of bystander intervention, help will be offered if the answer is “yes” to ________ of the five steps.
a) one
b) two
c) three
d) all
170. Judy, alone, sees a person who appears to be drowning in the ocean. She wants to help but questions whether her swimming ability will allow her to rescue the individual. It appears that Judy is stuck at the ________ step of Darley and Latané’s (1970) model of bystander intervention.
a) first
b) second
c) third
d) fourth
171. Steve notices a crowd forming after an old man has collapsed on the sidewalk. Since so many people are present, Steve decides to simply walk away from the scene. Steve’s thinking is most consistent with ________.
a) the bystander effect
b) diffusion of responsibility
c) groupthink
d) evaluation apprehension
172. One factor at the level of the group that explains why individuals may remain in a cult is ________.
a) derealization
b) love-bombing
c) chanting
d) depersonalization
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