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Question : Introduction 1) ________ the economic framework that describes an individual’s optimal : 1377505

Economics

 

Introduction

1) ________ is the economic framework that describes an individual’s optimal actions in settings where interactions with others determine her well-being.

A) Game theory

B) Econometrics

C) The Keynesian Cross

D) The IS-LM model

2) Game theory is the study of ________.

A) policy analysis

B) strategic interactions

C) program evaluation

D) irrational decision making

3) Which branch of study helps in economic decision making when an individual’s behavior determines the payoffs to others?

A) Microeconomics

B) Macroeconomics

C) Game theory

D) Public economics

4) Which of the following is likely to use the concepts of game theory?

A) Determining the profit-maximizing output of a monopolist

B) Exit decision of competitive firms in the long run

C) Pricing decision of a firm operating in an industry comprising two firms

D) Determining the wage rate in a competitive labor market

13.1  Simultaneous Move Games

1) A ________ is a complete plan describing how a player will act.

A) strategy

B) payoff

C) hypothesis

D) policy

2) A payoff matrix shows ________.

A) the various combinations of inputs required to produce a good

B) the return from each action that players can take in a game

C) the different combinations of two goods that can be bought with a given income

D) the payment made to each factor of production for the production of a good

3) Which of the following is true of a payoff matrix?

A) It is the representation of only the best response of each player.

B) It takes into account all relevant costs and benefits associated with each action of the players.

C) It shows the payment made to each factor of production for the production of a good.

D) It does not represent all the costs and benefits associated with the choices of the players.

4) A game is called a simultaneous move game if ________.

A) players chose their actions at the same time

B) one player choses her action after the other player makes a move

C) players chose mixed strategies to play the game

D) players chose their dominant strategies to play the game

5) Which of the following is true of a simultaneous move game?

A) Players chose their actions after knowing the action of the first player.

B) All relevant benefits and costs of each action are taken into account.

C) It involves strategic interactions among a large number of players.

D) This game cannot be represented by a payoff matrix.

6) In a simultaneous move game, ________.

A) each player has to make his choice after knowing his rival’s choice

B) each player has to make his choice without knowing his rival’s choice

C) there is always more than one Nash equilibrium

D) there is always more than one dominant strategy equilibrium

7) The “prisoners’ dilemma” is an example of a(n) ________ game.

A) simultaneous move

B) extensive-form

C) zero-sum

D) mixed strategy

8) A best response is ________.

A) one player’s optimal action choice irrespective of the action of the other player

B) one player’s optimal action choice taking the other player’s action as given

C) an action choice that always results in a zero payoff to the opponent

D) an action choice that results in equal payoffs to all the players in a game

 

 

 

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51) In the short run, a decrease in aggregate demand will lead to

A) a decrease in the price level and an increase in real GDP.

B) an increase in the price level and a decrease in real GDP.

C) a decrease in the price level and an increase in the unemployment rate.

D) an increase in the price level and an increase in real GDP.

E) no change in the price level and a decrease in real GDP.

 

52) If the economy moves upward along its short-run Phillips curve, in the AS-AD diagram, this movement is shown by a

A) movement upward along the AS curve as a result of a rightward shift of the AD curve.

B) rightward shift of potential GDP.

C) movement downward along the AS curve as a result of a leftward shift of the AD curve.

D) rightward shift of the AS curve and a movement along the AD curve.

E) leftward shift of the AS curve and a movement along the AD curve.

 

53) If aggregate demand increases, thereby leading to an increase in real GDP and inflation, there is

A) a movement downward along the short-run Phillips curve.

B) a movement upward along the short-run Phillips curve.

C) a rightward shift in the short-run Phillips curve.

D) a leftward shift in the short-run Phillips curve.

E) neither a movement along nor a shift in the short-run Phillips curve.

54) The relationship between the AS-AD model and the Phillips curve points out that as aggregate demand increases, the unemployment rate

A) decreases and the inflation rate rises.

B) increases and the inflation rate falls.

C) decreases and the price level falls.

D) increases and the inflation rate rises.

E) decreases and the inflation rate does not change, only the price level rises.

 

55) Data from the United States and the United Kingdom show that the short-run Phillips curve exhibits

A) a great deal of shifting.

B) stability with shifts occurring only when external forces are strong.

C) stability with shifts occurring only when there is an internal change of government.

D) shifts that occur every five years or so.

E) positive slopes in both nations.

 

56) Changes in which of the following shift the short-run Phillips curve?

i.changes in the natural unemployment rate

ii.changes in the expected inflation rate

iii.changes in the inflation rate

A) i only

B) ii only

C) iii only

D) i and ii

E) i, ii, and iii

57) The short-run Phillips curve shows a relationship between the

A) inflation rate and the interest rate.

B) inflation rate and real GDP.

C) unemployment rate and the interest rate.

D) inflation rate and the unemployment rate.

E) price level and real GDP.

 

58) The short-run Phillips curve is

A) vertical at the natural unemployment rate.

B) upward sloping.

C) downward sloping.

D) horizontal at the expected inflation rate.

E) U-shaped.

 

59) Moving along the short-run Phillips curve, as the unemployment rate increases the inflation rate

A) decreases.

B) increases.

C) remains unchanged.

D) initially decreases and then increases.

E) initially increases and then decreases.

 

60) When a movement up along the aggregate supply curve occurs, there is also

A) a movement down along the short-run Phillips curve.

B) a movement up along the short-run Phillips curve.

C) a rightward shift of the short-run Phillips curve.

D) a leftward shift of the short-run Phillips curve.

E) no movement along nor a shift in the short-run Phillips curve.

61) If real GDP exceeds potential GDP, then employment is ________ full employment and the unemployment rate is ________ the natural unemployment rate.

A) below; above

B) equal to; below

C) above; below

D) above; above

E) equal to; equal to

 

62) According to Okun's Law, if the natural unemployment rate is 5 percent, the actual unemployment rate is 4 percent, and potential GDP is $15 trillion, then actual real GDP is

A) $12.0 trillion.

B) $15.0 trillion.

C) $14.7 trillion.

D) $15.4 trillion.

E) $15.3 trillion.

 

63) When aggregate demand increases, there is a movement ________ along the AS curve and ________.

A) up; a movement up along the short-run Phillips curve

B) up; a movement down along the short-run Phillips curve

C) up; an upward shift of the short-run Phillips curve

D) down; a downward shift of the short-run Phillips curve

E) down; a movement down along the short-run Phillips curve

 

 

default image
July 1, 2023
    

 

 

51) In the short run, a decrease in aggregate demand will lead to

A) a decrease in the price level and an increase in real GDP.

B) an increase in the price level and a decrease in real GDP.

C) a decrease in the price level and an increase in the unemployment rate.

D) an increase in the price level and an increase in real GDP.

E) no change in the price level and a decrease in real GDP.

 

52) If the economy moves upward along its short-run Phillips curve, in the AS-AD diagram, this movement is shown by a

A) movement upward along the AS curve as a result of a rightward shift of the AD curve.

B) rightward shift of potential GDP.

C) movement downward along the AS curve as a result of a leftward shift of the AD curve.

D) rightward shift of the AS curve and a movement along the AD curve.

E) leftward shift of the AS curve and a movement along the AD curve.

 

53) If aggregate demand increases, thereby leading to an increase in real GDP and inflation, there is

A) a movement downward along the short-run Phillips curve.

B) a movement upward along the short-run Phillips curve.

C) a rightward shift in the short-run Phillips curve.

D) a leftward shift in the short-run Phillips curve.

E) neither a movement along nor a shift in the short-run Phillips curve.

54) The relationship between the AS-AD model and the Phillips curve points out that as aggregate demand increases, the unemployment rate

A) decreases and the inflation rate rises.

B) increases and the inflation rate falls.

C) decreases and the price level falls.

D) increases and the inflation rate rises.

E) decreases and the inflation rate does not change, only the price level rises.

 

55) Data from the United States and the United Kingdom show that the short-run Phillips curve exhibits

A) a great deal of shifting.

B) stability with shifts occurring only when external forces are strong.

C) stability with shifts occurring only when there is an internal change of government.

D) shifts that occur every five years or so.

E) positive slopes in both nations.

 

56) Changes in which of the following shift the short-run Phillips curve?

i.changes in the natural unemployment rate

ii.changes in the expected inflation rate

iii.changes in the inflation rate

A) i only

B) ii only

C) iii only

D) i and ii

E) i, ii, and iii

57) The short-run Phillips curve shows a relationship between the

A) inflation rate and the interest rate.

B) inflation rate and real GDP.

C) unemployment rate and the interest rate.

D) inflation rate and the unemployment rate.

E) price level and real GDP.

 

58) The short-run Phillips curve is

A) vertical at the natural unemployment rate.

B) upward sloping.

C) downward sloping.

D) horizontal at the expected inflation rate.

E) U-shaped.

 

59) Moving along the short-run Phillips curve, as the unemployment rate increases the inflation rate

A) decreases.

B) increases.

C) remains unchanged.

D) initially decreases and then increases.

E) initially increases and then decreases.

 

60) When a movement up along the aggregate supply curve occurs, there is also

A) a movement down along the short-run Phillips curve.

B) a movement up along the short-run Phillips curve.

C) a rightward shift of the short-run Phillips curve.

D) a leftward shift of the short-run Phillips curve.

E) no movement along nor a shift in the short-run Phillips curve.

61) If real GDP exceeds potential GDP, then employment is ________ full employment and the unemployment rate is ________ the natural unemployment rate.

A) below; above

B) equal to; below

C) above; below

D) above; above

E) equal to; equal to

 

62) According to Okun's Law, if the natural unemployment rate is 5 percent, the actual unemployment rate is 4 percent, and potential GDP is $15 trillion, then actual real GDP is

A) $12.0 trillion.

B) $15.0 trillion.

C) $14.7 trillion.

D) $15.4 trillion.

E) $15.3 trillion.

 

63) When aggregate demand increases, there is a movement ________ along the AS curve and ________.

A) up; a movement up along the short-run Phillips curve

B) up; a movement down along the short-run Phillips curve

C) up; an upward shift of the short-run Phillips curve

D) down; a downward shift of the short-run Phillips curve

E) down; a movement down along the short-run Phillips curve

 

 

default image
July 1, 2023
    

 

 

51) In the short run, a decrease in aggregate demand will lead to

A) a decrease in the price level and an increase in real GDP.

B) an increase in the price level and a decrease in real GDP.

C) a decrease in the price level and an increase in the unemployment rate.

D) an increase in the price level and an increase in real GDP.

E) no change in the price level and a decrease in real GDP.

 

52) If the economy moves upward along its short-run Phillips curve, in the AS-AD diagram, this movement is shown by a

A) movement upward along the AS curve as a result of a rightward shift of the AD curve.

B) rightward shift of potential GDP.

C) movement downward along the AS curve as a result of a leftward shift of the AD curve.

D) rightward shift of the AS curve and a movement along the AD curve.

E) leftward shift of the AS curve and a movement along the AD curve.

 

53) If aggregate demand increases, thereby leading to an increase in real GDP and inflation, there is

A) a movement downward along the short-run Phillips curve.

B) a movement upward along the short-run Phillips curve.

C) a rightward shift in the short-run Phillips curve.

D) a leftward shift in the short-run Phillips curve.

E) neither a movement along nor a shift in the short-run Phillips curve.

54) The relationship between the AS-AD model and the Phillips curve points out that as aggregate demand increases, the unemployment rate

A) decreases and the inflation rate rises.

B) increases and the inflation rate falls.

C) decreases and the price level falls.

D) increases and the inflation rate rises.

E) decreases and the inflation rate does not change, only the price level rises.

 

55) Data from the United States and the United Kingdom show that the short-run Phillips curve exhibits

A) a great deal of shifting.

B) stability with shifts occurring only when external forces are strong.

C) stability with shifts occurring only when there is an internal change of government.

D) shifts that occur every five years or so.

E) positive slopes in both nations.

 

56) Changes in which of the following shift the short-run Phillips curve?

i.changes in the natural unemployment rate

ii.changes in the expected inflation rate

iii.changes in the inflation rate

A) i only

B) ii only

C) iii only

D) i and ii

E) i, ii, and iii

57) The short-run Phillips curve shows a relationship between the

A) inflation rate and the interest rate.

B) inflation rate and real GDP.

C) unemployment rate and the interest rate.

D) inflation rate and the unemployment rate.

E) price level and real GDP.

 

58) The short-run Phillips curve is

A) vertical at the natural unemployment rate.

B) upward sloping.

C) downward sloping.

D) horizontal at the expected inflation rate.

E) U-shaped.

 

59) Moving along the short-run Phillips curve, as the unemployment rate increases the inflation rate

A) decreases.

B) increases.

C) remains unchanged.

D) initially decreases and then increases.

E) initially increases and then decreases.

 

60) When a movement up along the aggregate supply curve occurs, there is also

A) a movement down along the short-run Phillips curve.

B) a movement up along the short-run Phillips curve.

C) a rightward shift of the short-run Phillips curve.

D) a leftward shift of the short-run Phillips curve.

E) no movement along nor a shift in the short-run Phillips curve.

61) If real GDP exceeds potential GDP, then employment is ________ full employment and the unemployment rate is ________ the natural unemployment rate.

A) below; above

B) equal to; below

C) above; below

D) above; above

E) equal to; equal to

 

62) According to Okun's Law, if the natural unemployment rate is 5 percent, the actual unemployment rate is 4 percent, and potential GDP is $15 trillion, then actual real GDP is

A) $12.0 trillion.

B) $15.0 trillion.

C) $14.7 trillion.

D) $15.4 trillion.

E) $15.3 trillion.

 

63) When aggregate demand increases, there is a movement ________ along the AS curve and ________.

A) up; a movement up along the short-run Phillips curve

B) up; a movement down along the short-run Phillips curve

C) up; an upward shift of the short-run Phillips curve

D) down; a downward shift of the short-run Phillips curve

E) down; a movement down along the short-run Phillips curve

 

 

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