Question : 81.In memory, as time passes between learning and recall, A)both the : 1231241

Psychology

81.In memory, as time passes between learning and recall,

A)both the primacy and recency effects weaken.

B)neither the primacy nor the recency effects weaken.

C)the primacy but not the recency effect weakens.

D)the recency but not the primacy effect weakens.

E)the recency effect becomes stronger and the primacy effect weakens.

82.To avoid interference effects on memory, your text recommends all but which of the following?

A)Study material directly before going to sleep.

B)Practice or rehearse fresh memories aloud.

C)Practice new memories beyond the point necessary to reproduce them without error.

D)Don’t schedule your classes one right after another.

E)Study material that is similar in content in back-to-back fashion.

83.Neville is memorizing parts of the brain for his psychology exam. Neville rehearses the information over and over, past the point of practice needed to recognize and list all of the parts of the brain. Which memory technique is Neville utilizing?

A)eidetic imagery

B)mnemonics

C)distributed practice

D)spaced practice

E)overlearning

84.When Louise told her friend about a book she had just read, she was able to provide a lot of details about the last several pages. This demonstrates the

A)spaced practice effect.

B)distributed practice effect.

C)primacy effect.

D)recency effect.

E)massed versus spaced practice effect.

85.Which theory of forgetting suggests that forgetting is the result of a failure to access stored memories?

A)interference theory

B)constructionist theory

C)three-stage theory

D)decay theory

E)retrieval theory

86.A group of students make a presentation on theories of forgetting. Which student was assigned retrieval theory?

A)Apollo says, “Forgetting results from a failure to access stored memories, either from encoding failure or from a lack of access cues.”

B)Bryan says, “Forgetting happens as a result of a psychological defense mechanism trying to keep threatening material from entering consciousness.

C)Courtney says, “Forgetting happens as a result of amnesia caused by traumatic brain injuries.”

D)Darla says, “Forgetting is a result of memory traces gradually fading out over time.”

E)Elena says, “Forgetting happens when memory is disrupted because of proactive or retroactive interference.”

87.Many people cannot say whether the doorknob is on the left or right side of their front door. This is most likely due to

A)proactive interference.

B)retroactive interference.

C)retrograde amnesia.

D)encoding failure.

E)the serial position effect.

88.While taking her psychology exam, Edith is certain that she knows who developed the forgetting curve. She remembers studying it, and she can get a vague picture of where the material is in her textbook. Edith’s certainty that she knows something, but inability to recall it is called

A)dissociative amnesia.

B)proactive interference.

C)retroactive interference.

D)the serial position effect.

E)the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon.

89.Motivated forgetting is another name for

A)repression.

B)regression.

C)retroactive interference.

D)anterograde amnesia.

E)childhood amnesia.

90.Repression was first proposed by

A)Loftus.

B)Freud.

C)Miller.

D)Baddeley.

E)Ebbinghaus.

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121.In the context of the 1997 Asian crisis, how did the International Monetary Fund's “one-size-fits-all” approach to macroeconomic policy affect South Korea?

A. It led to a decrease in the interest rates of short-term loans.

B. It made it difficult for companies to service their excessive short-term debt obligations.

C. It decreased the probability of widespread corporate defaults.

D. South Korea failed to recover from its financial crises.

E. South Korea was forced to increase restrictions on foreign direct investment.

122._____ arises when people behave recklessly because they know they will be saved if things go wrong.

A. Systemic risk

B. Moral hazard

C. Ethical dilemma

D. Tragedy of the commons

E. Risk compensation

123.Jade, a working professional, began driving rashly ever since she got her car insured against damage. She believed that the insurance claim would cover her in case of any accidents. Jade’s behavior is due to a situation known as _____.

A. cognitive dissonance

B. conflict of interest

C. systemic risk

D. moral hazard

E. tragedy of the commons

124.The International Monetary Fund been criticized for:

A. its lack of “one-size-fits-all” approach to macroeconomic policy.

B. encouraging moral hazard among banks.

C. its lack of power and authority.

D. using external experts to gain knowledge about a country.

E. keeping its operations open to outside scrutiny.

125.According to the critics of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), how should the problem of moral hazard exhibited by banks be resolved?

A. The IMF should use a “one-size-fits-all” approach to macroeconomic policy.

B. The IMF should establish a mechanism for accountability.

C. The IMF should free all banks from the obligation of financial reporting.

D. The banks should be forced to pay the price for their rash lending policies.

E. The IMF should bail out the banks whose loans gave rise to financial crises.

126.According to the noted economist Jeffrey Sachs, the International Monetary Fund should:

A. not be accountable to anyone as it is a powerful institution.

B. bail out the banks that have rash lending policies.

C. have a “one-size-fits-all” approach to macroeconomic policy.

D. keep its operations open to greater outside scrutiny.

E. lend only to countries with safe credit ratings.

127.The International Monetary Fund programs have been counterproductive, or only had limited success in _____.

A. Turkey

B. Iceland

C. Greece

D. Ireland

E. Latvia

128.In response to the global financial crisis of 2008–2009, the International Monetary Fund began to:

A. exercise tight controls on fiscal policy of the borrowing countries.

B. encourage activities that resulted in high inflation rates.

C. display inflexibility in policy responses.

D. urge countries to adopt policies that included fiscal stimulus and monetary easing.

E. adopt a “one-size-fits-all” approach to macroeconomic policy.

129.Which of the following observations about the International Monetary Fund (IMF) is true?

A. The IMF can force countries to adopt the policies required to correct economic mismanagement.

B. Internal political problems can affect a government's commitment to taking corrective action in return for an IMF loan.

C. In recent years, the IMF has begun to make its policies more tight and inflexible.

D. In response to the global financial crisis of 2008–2009, the IMF began to adopt a “one-size-fits-all” approach to macroeconomic policy.

E. In recent years, the IMF has begun to urge countries to oppose fiscal stimulus and monetary easing.

130.Which of the following poses a problem for international businesses in the long run?

A. Using exchange rate instruments like the forward market and swaps

B. Volatility of global exchange rate regime

C. Anti-inflationary monetary policies

D. Maintaining strategic flexibility by dispersing production to different locations

E. A policy of reduction in government spending