Question : 11.Agency costs refer to a.the costs associated with managing the demands : 1325635

 

11.Agency costs refer to

a.the costs associated with managing the demands of federal agencies.

b.the costs involved when converting an entity from a proprietorship to a corporation.

c.the costs that arise due to conflicts of interest between shareholders and managers.

d.none of the above.

12.Prior to the Tax Relief Act of 2003, if a corporation has pre-tax earnings of $110,000 while the corporation is subject to a 35% income tax rate and an investor is subject to a 35% personal tax rate, then what is the after-tax income that the investor could capture if all of the firm’s earnings are paid out in dividends?

a.$71,500

b.$46,475

c.$44,330

d.$42,284

13.Since the Tax Relief Act of 2003, if a corporation has pre-tax earnings of $110,000 while the corporation is subject to a 35% income tax rate and an investor is subject to a 35% personal tax rate and a 15% capital gains tax rate, then what is the after-tax income that the investor could capture if all of the firm’s earnings are paid out in dividends?

a.$93,500

b.$71,500

c.$60,775

d.$46,475

14.Since the Tax Relief Act of 2003, if a corporation or partnership has pre-tax earnings of $110,000 while the corporation is subject to a 35% income tax rate and an investor is subject to a 35% personal tax rate and a 15% capital gains tax rate, then what is the advantage to being a partnership (compared to a corporation) if all of the proceeds are paid out to investors in either legal form?

a.($22,500)

b.$0

c.$10,725

d.$24,725

15.Which of the following characteristics would disqualify a firm from being an S Corporation?

a.a firm with 51 different individual shareholders

b.the controlling majority shareholder is a Fortune 500 corporation

c.one of the shareholders of the proposed S Corporation is an elected official

d.none of the above would disqualify a firm from qualifying as an S Corporation

16.Which of the following is a valid criticism concerning the goal of firms to maximize profits?

a.profit maximization ignores expenses

b.profit maximization is completely unrelated to shareholder wealth

c.profit maximization may ignore the timing of those profits

d.there are no valid criticisms of profit maximizing firms

17.Managers of firms should only take actions that

a.increase the value of the firm’s future cash flows.

b.they expect will increase the firm’s share price.

c.have benefits which are at least as great as the cost of those actions.

d.all of the above

18.Which of the following parties have the proper incentives to make risky, value increasing investments for the firm?

a.suppliers

b.creditors

c.shareholders

d.managers who are only compensated with a salary

19.An agent of a firm could be any of the following:

a.100% owner of the firm

b.the IRS agent in charge of auditing the firm’s tax return

c.an employee who does not own any proportion of the firm

d.a supplier of the firm

20.Shareholders can attempt to overcome agency problems by all but the following:

a.incurring costs to monitor managers

b.paying managers a good salary

c.relying on market forces to exert managerial discipline

d.paying the manager a proportion of the profits that the firm generates

 

 

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