Question : 81.A ________ a set of cultural guidelines that dictate how : 1245339

81.A ________ is a set of cultural guidelines that dictate how a person should behave, particularly with other people.

a.social rolec.social norm

b.social ruled.social more

82.Young Jean observes that her mother often cooks dinner, while her father is responsible for taking out the trash and mowing the lawn. She is learning ________ that are associated with men and women.

a.gender identitiesc.gender typing

b.social rolesd.social stereotypes

83.All cultures have gender ________, which refers to beliefs and images about males and females that may or may not be true.

a.identitiesc.stereotypes

b.typesd.roles

84.Research has found that while 12-month-old children look at gender-stereotyped toys equally, by the time children reach ________ they look longer at toys that are associated with their own sex.

a.14 months of agec.24 months of age

b.18 months of aged.30 months of age

85.If he is like most preschoolers, Dougie is likely to believe that girls are

a.physically aggressive.c.verbally aggressive.

b.strong and dominant.d.capable of playing football.

86.With regard to differences between men and women, research has found that there are, in fact, differences in all but which of the following area?

a.frequency of prosocial behaviorsc.mathematics

b.verbal abilitiesd.spatial ability

87.Marlene is very angry at Dominique, a girl in her class, because she feels that Dominique has been flirting with her boyfriend. To get back at her, Marlene starts spreading rumors about Dominique that are designed to attack her character. Marlene is using ________ aggression to hurt her classmate.

a.relationalc.retaliatory

b.psychosociald.inductive

88.Maccoby and Jacklin (1974) found that girls are more likely to comply with the directions of adults than boys, and they are more readily influenced by others than boys are. One explanation your authors offer for these findings is that

a.girls are genetically more docile and conforming than boys.

b.girls are more empathetic than boys, so they don’t want to hurt feelings by disagreeing.

c.girls are trained by their mothers to be “agreeable,” while boys are trained by their fathers to be “confrontational.”

d.girls value harmony and don’t want people to start arguing.

89.Which of the following statements would be the MOST consistent with social cognitive theory?

a.Children do not need to learn gender roles, because they are a part of our built-in genetic code.

b.Children learn gender roles as a direct result of operant conditioning in their earliest years.

c.Children learn gender roles as a direct result of classical conditioning in their earliest years.

d.Children learn gender roles as they learn other social behaviors, by watching the world around them and learning different outcomes of actions.

90.According to a research study described in your textbook, when mothers heard their children making gender stereotyped remarks,

a.they showed high levels of frustration and irritation with their children.

b.they almost never disagreed directly with their children.

c.they gently corrected the stereotyped comment 75% of the time.

d.they tended to agree with the stereotyped comment in a majority of cases.

 

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