Question : 1. Learning best defined as A. a relatively permanent change in behavior or : 1201941

Psychology

1. Learning is best defined as
A. a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge due to experience.
B. the natural changes that unfold in a fixed sequence, relatively independent of the environment.
C. an awareness of the outside world and of your mental processes, thoughts, feelings, and perceptions.
D. the process of converting environmental energy into neural activity.

2. A relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge due to experience is known as
A. maturation.
B. instinct.
C. learning.
D. consciousness.

3. In Pavlov’s classical conditioning experiment, the meat powder was the
A. conditioned stimulus.
B. unconditioned stimulus.
C. conditioned response.
D. unconditioned response.

4. After Maria drank coffee for the first time, she felt more awake. She then drank coffee every morning. Now when she even smells coffee, she feels more awake. Feeling more awake after just smelling the coffee is the
A. conditioned stimulus.
B. unconditioned stimulus.
C. conditioned response.
D. unconditioned response.

5. Baby Joey was playing with his favorite toy rattle when his mom dropped an armful of pots and pans behind him. The loud noise made him startle and cry. Now whenever he sees his favorite toy rattle he cries. Here the rattle is the
A. unconditioned stimulus.
B. conditioned stimulus.
C. unconditioned response.
D. conditioned response.

6. On the first day of school, Ben did not understand why a bell sounded at 11:00 A.M. Eventually, Ben came to realize that the bell signaled that it was time for lunch. Now Ben starts salivating in anticipation of lunch whenever he hears the 11:00 bell. In this example, what is the conditioned stimulus?
A. Lunch
B. Salivation
C. The bell
D. School

7. Joanna developed a phobia of dogs after a dog bit her on the leg. This can be explained as classical conditioning. The pain of the dog bite would be
A. both the conditioned and the unconditioned stimulus.
B. higher order conditioning.
C. stimulus generalization.
D. the unconditioned stimulus.

8. If a tone is sounded each time a puff of air is delivered to your eye, the tone alone will eventually cause you to blink. In this example, the _____ is the conditioned stimulus and the blink response to the _____ is the conditioned response.
A. puff of air; puff of air
B. puff of air; tone
C. tone; puff of air
D. tone; tone

9. During the extinction process, the unconditioned and the conditioned stimuli are no longer paired. As a result, we can predict _____ will gradually disappear.
A. the conditioned response
B. the unconditioned response
C. spontaneous recovery
D. habituation

10. In an experiment, a flash of light is paired with a mild electric shock to a participant’s finger. After several trials, the participant begins to pull his finger away after seeing the flash of light. The experimenter then begins to present just the flash, but no shock. After several trials the participant will
A. keep pulling his finger away after seeing the light.
B. pull his finger away sometimes but not others.
C. gradually cease pulling his finger away after the flash of light.
D. pull his finger away more quickly on each trial.

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July 1, 2023

11) Refer to Figure 19-10. Europe suffers a recession. Assuming all else remains constant, this would be represented as a movement from ________.

A) D to A

B) C to D

C) B to C

D) A to D

E) A to B

12) Refer to Figure 19-10. Currency speculators believe that the value of the euro will increase relative to the dollar. Assuming all else remains constant, how would this be represented?

A) Supply would decrease, demand would decrease and the economy moves from B to C to D.

B) Supply would increase, demand would decrease and the economy moves from C to B to A.

C) Supply would decrease, demand would increase and the economy moves from A to D to C.

D) Supply would increase, demand would increase and the economy moves from D to A to B.

13) Refer to Figure 19-10. Suppose that the U.S. government deficit causes interest rates in the United States to rise relative to those in the European Union. Assuming all else remains constant, how would this be represented?

A) Supply would decrease, demand would decrease and the economy moves from B to C to D.

B) Supply would increase, demand would decrease and the economy moves from C to B to A.

C) Supply would decrease, demand would increase and the economy moves from A to D to C.

D) Supply would increase, demand would increase and the economy moves from D to A to B.

14) Refer to Figure 19-10. The appreciation of the dollar is represented as a movement from

A) B to A.

B) D to C.

C) C to B.

D) C to A.

15) Refer to Figure 19-10. The depreciation of the euro is represented as a movement from

A) D to A.

B) C to D.

C) B to C.

D) B to A.

16) Refer to Figure 19-10. Italians cut back on smoking and cut their demand for American cigarettes in half. Assuming all else remains constant, this would be represented as a movement from

A) B to A.

B) D to C.

C) B to C.

D) A to D.

17) Refer to Figure 19-10. Europe experiences an economic boom. Assuming all else remains constant, this would be represented as a movement from

A) D to A.

B) D to C.

C) C to B.

D) B to A.

18) Refer to Figure 19-10. Currency speculators believe that the value of the euro will decrease relative to the dollar. Assuming all else remains constant, how would this be represented?

A) Supply would decrease, demand would decrease and the economy moves from B to C to D.

B) Supply would increase, demand would decrease and the economy moves from C to B to A.

C) Supply would decrease, demand would increase and the economy moves from A to D to C.

D) Supply would increase, demand would increase and the economy moves from D to A to B.

19) Refer to Figure 19-10. Suppose that the U.S. government deficit decreases, causing interest rates in the United States to fall relative to those in the European Union. Assuming all else remains constant, how would this be represented?

A) Supply would decrease, demand would decrease and the economy moves from B to C to D.

B) Supply would increase, demand would decrease and the economy moves from C to B to A.

C) Supply would decrease, demand would increase and the economy moves from A to D to C.

D) Supply would increase, demand would increase and the economy moves from D to A to B.

20) If there is currently a surplus of dollars, which of the following would you expect to see in the foreign exchange market?

A) The dollar will appreciate.

B) The dollar will depreciate.

C) There will be a decrease in the demand for dollars.

D) There will be a decrease in the supply of dollars.

July 1, 2023

The Tip Left column in the Friday worksheet contains a fill color and number formatting. You want to fill these formats to the other daily worksheets.

Group the Friday through Monday worksheets, staring with the Friday worksheet. Fill the format only for the range E5:E24.

Now you want to insert column totals for the five worksheets simultaneously.

With the worksheets still grouped, insert SUM functions in the range B25:E25 and apply the Totals cell style. Ungroup the worksheets.

The Week worksheet is designed to be a summary sheet. You want to insert a hyperlink to the Total heading in the Monday worksheet.

On the Week worksheet, in cell A5, insert a hyperlink to cell A25 in the Monday worksheet with the ScreenTip text Monday’s Totals. Test the hyperlink to ensure it works correctly.

In cell A6 on the Week worksheet, insert a hyperlink to cell A25 in the Tuesday worksheet with the ScreenTip text Tuesday’s Totals. Test the hyperlink to ensure it works correctly.

In cell A7, insert a hyperlink to cell A25 in the Wednesday worksheet with the ScreenTip text Wednesday’s Totals. Test the hyperlink to ensure it works correctly.

In cell A8, insert a hyperlink to cell A25 in the Thursday worksheet with the ScreenTip text Thursday’s Totals. Test the hyperlink to ensure it works correctly.

In cell A9, insert a hyperlink to cell A25 in the Friday worksheet with the ScreenTip text Friday’s Totals. Test the hyperlink to ensure it works correctly.

Now, you are ready to insert references to cells in the individual worksheets. First, you will insert a reference to Monday's Food Total.

In cell B5 on the Week worksheet, insert a formula with a 3-D reference to cell B25 in the Monday worksheet. Copy the formula to the range C5:E5.

The next formula will display the totals for Tuesday.

In cell B6, insert a formula with a 3-D reference to cell B25 in the Tuesday worksheet. Copy the formula to the range C6:E6.

In cell B7, insert a formula with a 3-D reference to cell B25 in the Wednesday worksheet. Copy the formula to the range C7:E7.

In cell B8, insert a formula with a 3-D reference to cell B25 in the Thursday worksheet. Copy the formula to the range C8:E8.

In cell B9, insert a formula with a 3-D reference to cell B25 in the Friday worksheet. Copy the formula to the range C9:E9.

Now you want to use a function with a 3-D reference to calculate the totals.

In cell B10 on the Week worksheet, insert the SUM function with a 3-D reference to calculate the total Food purchases (cell B25) for the five days. Copy the function to the range C10:E10.

The servers are required to share a portion of their tips with the Beverage Worker and Assistants. The rates are stored in another file.

Open the Exp_Excel_Ch09_Cap_Assessment_Rates.xlsx workbook. Go back to the Exp_Excel_Ch09_Cap_Assessment_Tips.xlsx workbook. In cell F5 of the Week worksheet, insert a link to the Beverage Worker Tip Rate (cell C4 in the Rates workbook) and multiply the rate by the Monday Drinks (cell C5). Copy the formula to the range F6:F9.

Next, you will calculate the tips for the assistant.

In cell G5 in the Tips workbook, insert a link to the Assistant Tip Rate (cell C5 in the Rates workbook) and multiply the rate by the Monday Subtotal (cell D5). Copy the formula to the range G6:G9. Close the Rates workbook.

Note: The tip is a monetary value in the Week worksheet. It should be formatted for Accounting Number Format.

You noticed a circular error when you first opened the Tips workbook. Now you will find and correct it.

On the Week worksheet, check for errors and correct the formula with the circular reference.

You want to create a validation rule to prevent the user from accidentally entering a negative value. For now, you will create a validation in the Friday worksheet.

Select the range E5:E24 in the Friday worksheet, create a validation rule to allow a decimal value greater than or equal to zero. Enter the input message title Tip and the input message Enter the amount of tip. (including the period). Use the Stop alert with the error alert title Invalid Number and the error alert message The tip must be zero or more. (including the period). Test the data validation by attempting to enter -20 in cell E5 and then cancel the change.

Now you will copy the validation settings to the other daily worksheets.

Copy the range E5:E24 in the Friday worksheet. Group the Monday through Thursday worksheets, select the range E5:E24, and use Paste Special Validation to copy the validation settings.

You want to unlock data-entry cells so that the user can change the tips in the daily worksheets.

Group the Monday through Friday worksheets. Select the ranges E5:E24 and unlock these cells.

Create footer with your name on the left side, the sheet name code in the center, and the file name code on the right side of all worksheets.

Now that you unlocked data-entry cells, you are ready to protect the worksheets to prevent users from changing data in other cells. Individually, protect each sheet using the default allowances without a password.

Mark the workbook as final.

Note: Mark as Final is not available in Excel for Mac. Instead, use Always Open Read-Only on the Review tab.

Save and close Exp19_Excel_Ch09_Cap_Assessment_Tips.xlsx. Exit Excel. Submit the file as directed.