Question : 81. Trenton was playing in the sandbox. He was pouring : 1254694

 

81. Trenton was playing in the sandbox. He was pouring sand from a short, fat container into a tall, skinny container. When he poured the sand into the tall, skinny container, it looked to him as if it had more sand in it. Trenton could not figure out where the extra sand came from, and how it got into his container. As Trenton continues to try to solve this puzzle, he will experience considerable movement between states of cognitive _____ and _____ to produce cognitive change.

a. equilibrium; disequilibrium

b. adaptation; organization

c. classification; modification

d. equilibration; categorization

82. When children experience cognitive conflict in trying to understand the world, they shift from one stage of thought to the next. For example, experiencing conflict with peers may lead to an attempt to reduce conflict. The mechanism through which this shift occurs is called _____.

a. equilibration

b. assimilation

c. organization

d. amalgamation

83. For cognitive change to occur, these two processes must work in concert as the child experiences considerable movement between the states of cognitive equilibrium and disequilibrium.

a. Equilibration and categorization

b. Amalgamation and organization

c. Assimilation and accommodation

d. Classification and modification

84. Jean Piaget believed that children’s thinking in one stage is _____ that in another stage.

a. qualitatively different from

b. quantitatively different from

c. qualitatively similar to

d. quantitatively similar to

85. The sensorimotor stage of development lasts from birth until about:

a. six months of age.

b. eight months of age.

c. one year of age.

d. two years of age.

86. The understanding that objects and events continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, heard, or touched is called:

a. object containment.

b. object permanence.

c. object availability.

d. object continuance.

87. Heather is shown a teddy bear. The teddy bear is then hidden from her. Heather searches for the teddy bear. This shows that Heather has developed a sense of _____.

a. symbolic manipulation

b. infinite generativity

c. telegraphic thinking

d. object permanence

88. _____ is the term used to describe the tendency of infants to reach where an object was located earlier rather than where the object was last hidden.

a. Type 1 error

b. Type 2 error

c. F-not-N error

d. A-not-B error

89. Research by Renée Baillargeon and her colleagues have found that infants as young as three to four months expect objects to be ­­­­_____ in the sense that other objects cannot move through them, and _____ in the sense that objects continue to exist when they are hidden.

a. subject to gravity; transient

b. consistent; existential

c. substantial; permanent

d. opaque; substantial

90. In considering the big issue of whether nature or nurture plays the more important role in infant development, Elizabeth Spelke endorses a _____ approach, which states that infants are born with domain-specific innate knowledge systems.

a. core knowledge

b. domain knowledge

c. learned domain

d. nurture

 

 

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