Question : 81. A teacher helping to direct and organize Jay’s learning with : 1176006

 

 

81.

A teacher is helping to direct and organize Jay’s learning with blocks to help him master and internalize his skills. This reflects Vygotsky’s notion of

A.

structured application.

B.

zone of proximal development.

C.

distal learning.

D.

zone of distal development.

 

 

 

82.

____________ refers to the temporary support that parents, teachers, and others give a child in doing a task until the child can do it alone.

A.

Laddering

B.

Constructing

C.

Scaffolding

D.

Supporting

 

 

 

83.

A major distinction between Piaget’s developmental theory and the information-processing approach is that

A.

Piaget sees development as continuous, whereas the information-processing approach views development as occurring in distinct stages.

B.

Piaget sees development as an active process, whereas the information-processing view sees the organism as passive.

C.

Piaget focused on perception, whereas the information-processing approach focuses on thinking and memory.

D.

Piaget sees development as occurring in stages, whereas the information-processing approach sees development as continuous.

 

 

 

84.

The information-processing approach to explaining cognitive development compares the brain to a __________; sensory impressions go in and behavior comes out.

A.

calculator

B.

computer

C.

modem

D.

telephone

 

 

 

85.

Which perspective emphasizes the idea that species-specific behaviors enhance the survival of that species?

A.

Behavioral

B.

Social cognitive

C.

Contextual

D.

Ethological

 

 

 

86.

In the 1950s, the British psychologist __________ extended ethological principles to the study of human development, focusing attention on the mother-infant bond and the bonding process that produces attachment.

A.

Mary Ainsworth

B.

John Bowlby

C.

Konrad Lorenz

D.

Niko Tinbergen

 

 

 

87.

The leader of a mother and baby workshop tells new mothers that attachment between an infant and caregiver must occur during a critical period to ensure normal development. Which developmental perspective does this workshop leader support with this statement?

A.

Behavioral

B.

Ethological

C.

Psychoanalytic

D.

Information-processing

 

 

 

88.

According to the __________ perspective, development can be understood only when individual behavior is observed in interaction with the environment.

A.

environmental

B.

contextual

C.

interactive

D.

behavioral

 

 

 

89.

Which American psychologist developed the bioecological perspective, which involves five interlocking contextual systems ranging from the most intimate to the most distant?

A.

Lev Vygotsky

B.

Ivan Pavlov

C.

Urie Bronfenbrenner

D.

Jean Piaget

 

 

 

90.

Dr. Willard is studying the way in which infant siblings interact with one another in the home. According to the ecological approach, Dr. Willard is studying the children in their

A.

microsystem.

B.

mesosystem.

C.

exosystem.

D.

macrosystem.

 

 

 

 

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