Question : 41. _____ problems require the problem solver to rearrange or recombine : 1252930

41. _____ problems require the problem solver to rearrange or recombine elements in a way that will satisfy a certain criterion. 
A. Arrangement
B. Inducing structure
C. Transformation
D. Prescriptive

42. In problems of _____, a person must identify the existing relationships among the elements presented and then construct a new relationship among them. 
A. arrangement
B. inducing structure
C. transformation
D. prescriptive

43. _____ problems consist of an initial state, a goal state, and a method for changing the initial state into the goal state. 
A. Arrangement
B. Inducing structure
C. Transformation
D. Prescriptive

44. Which of the following problem types is CORRECTLY matched with a description? 
A. Arrangement—moving from an initial to a goal state according to a specific method
B. Inducing structure—identifying relationships among problem elements and constructing new relationships
C. Transformation—rearranging or recombining elements to satisfy a particular criterion
D. Transformation— identifying relationships among problem elements and constructing new relationships

45. Janelle is solving anagrams; Kamika is puzzling over verbal analogies; Lamar is playing chess with a friend. Which alternative below CORRRECTLY matches each individual with the type of problem he or she is solving? 
A. Janelle—arrangement; Kamika—transformation; Lamar—inducing structure
B. Janelle—transformation; Kamika—inducing structure; Lamar—arrangement
C. Janelle—arrangement; Kamika—inducing structure; Lamar—transformation
D. Janelle—transformation; Kamika—arrangement; Lamar—inducing structure

46. Thomas Edison invented the lightbulb only because he experimented with thousands of different kinds of materials for a filament before he found one that worked (carbon). This shows that at the most basic level, we can solve problems through _____. 
A. the availability heuristic
B. means-ends analysis
C. insight
D. trial and error

47. _____ involves repeated tests for differences between the desired outcome and what currently exists. 
A. Forming subgoals
B. Means-ends analysis
C. Insight
D. Trial and error

48. According to the text, the most frequently used problem-solving heuristic is: 
A. forming subgoals.
B. means-ends analysis.
C. insight.
D. trial and error.

49. Millie is stumped by a problem in her pre-calculus text. She furtively glances at the answer provided in the back of the text to get an idea of how the solution should look before she returns to the problem. Millie’s strategy most closely resembles the problem-solving heuristic of: 
A. forming subgoals.
B. trial and error.
C. working backward.
D. insight.

50. A political science professor attempts to facilitate her students’ completion of a term paper assignment by requiring to first submit a topic statement, then a list of references, then a draft of the introduction, then, finally, the completed paper. The professor is encouraging her students to use the problem-solving strategy of: 
A. forming subgoals.
B. working backward.
C. means-ends analysis.
D. trial and error.