31.Normativeconclusions
a.comefrompositiveanalysisalone.
b.arebasedonignoranceofpositiveanalysis.
c.involvevaluejudgments.
d.reflecttheeconomist’sroleasscientist.
32.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofapositive,asopposedtonormative,statement?
a.Inflationismoreharmfultotheeconomythanunemploymentis.
b.Ifwelfarepaymentsincrease,theworldwillbeabetterplace.
c.Pricesrisewhenthegovernmentprintstoomuchmoney.
d.Whenpublicpoliciesareevaluated,thebenefitstotheeconomyofimprovedequalityshouldbeconsideredmoreimportantthanthecostsofreducedefficiency.
33.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofapositive,asopposedtonormative,statement?
a.Whentheminimumwageisincreased,unemploymentisapredictableconsequence.
b.Theincometaxrateshouldbeincreasedtooffsetthebudgetdeficit.
c.Increasinggovernmentspendingisthebestwaytohelptheeconomymoveoutofarecession.
d.Morethanoneoftheabovearepositivestatements.
34.Whichofthefollowingisapositive,asopposedtoanormative,statement?
a.TheUSDepartmentofJusticeshouldallowamergerbetweenAT&TandT-Mobilebecauseitwouldhavelittleeffectonconsumers.
b.Antitrustlawsshouldbeusedtopreventfurtherconcentrationinthewirelesstelephoneservicemarket.
c.TheUSDepartmentofJusticesuedAT&TtoblockitsmergerwithT-Mobile.
d.Thewirelesstelephoneservicemarketistoohighlyconcentrated.
35.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisanexampleofapositive,asopposedtonormative,statement?
a.Americansdeserveacleanerenvironment.
b.Reducingemissionsreducesdaysmissedfromschoolduetoasthma.
c.AllAmericansareentitledtoqualityhealthcare.
d.Economicpoliciesshouldfocusonimprovingequality.
36.“EnsuringthatSocialSecurityisfinanciallysoundforfuturegenerationsisanimportantuseoftaxpayerdollars”isanexampleofa
a.normativeeconomicstatement.
b.positiveeconomicstatement.
c.statementmadebyaneconomistworkingasascientist.
d.judgmentbasedonevaluationofevidence,notvalues.
37.“Pricesrisewhenthequantityofmoneyrisesrapidly”isanexampleofa
a.negativeeconomicstatement.
b.positiveeconomicstatement.
c.normativeeconomicstatement.
d.statementthatcontradictsoneofthebasicprinciplesofeconomics.
38.Which of the following isnotanexampleofapositive,asopposedtonormative,statement?
a.Highergasolinepriceswillreducegasolineconsumption.
b.Equalityismoreimportantthanefficiency.
c.Traderestrictionslowerourstandardofliving.
d.Ifanationwantstoavoidinflation,itwillrestrictthegrowthrateofthequantityofmoney.
39.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofanormative,asopposedtopositive,statement?
a.UniversalhealthcarewouldbegoodforU.S.citizens.
b.Anincreaseinthecigarettetaxwouldcauseadecreaseinthenumberofsmokers.
c.Adecreaseintheminimumwagewoulddecreaseunemployment.
d.Alawrequiringthefederalgovernmenttobalanceitsbudgetwouldincreaseeconomicgrowth.
40.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofanormative,asopposedtopositive,statement?
a.Gasolinepricesoughttobelowerthantheyarenow.
b.Thefederalgovernmentshouldraisetaxesonwealthypeople.
c.Thesocialsecuritysystemisagoodsystemanditdeservestobepreservedasitis.
d.Alloftheabovearenormativestatements.
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